Polymorphisms of the TNF-α gene interact with plasma fatty acids on inflammatory biomarker profile: a population-based, cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 117; no. 12; pp. 1663 - 1673
• Main Authors: Oki, Erica, Norde, Marina N., Carioca, Antônio A. F., Souza, José M. P., Castro, Inar A., Marchioni, Dirce M. L., Fisberg, Regina M., Rogero, Marcelo M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 28.06.2017
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Alleles; alpha-linolenic acid; alpha-Linolenic Acid - blood; biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Brazil; Child; Cholesterol - blood; cluster analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Surveys and Nutritional Epidemiology; Exercise; Fatty Acids - blood; Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - blood; Female; genotype; genotyping; Genotyping Techniques; Humans; interleukin-10; interleukin-12; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-6; Interleukins - blood; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; nutrition-genotype interaction; oleic acid; Oleic Acid - blood; palmitoleic acid; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; single nucleotide polymorphism; stearic acid; Stearic Acids - blood; stearoyl-CoA desaturase; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - blood; Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - genetics; Surveys and Questionnaires; Triglycerides - blood; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - genetics; Waist Circumference; Young Adult; Brazil; Inflammatory biomarkers; Plasma fatty acids; TNF-α polymorphisms; Interactions; FA fatty acids; sVCAM-1 soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1; ALA α-linolenic acid; BP blood pressure; CRP C-reactive protein; SCD stearoyl-CoA desaturase; INF inflammatory; T2D type 2 diabetes; MET metabolic equivalent task
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1017/S0007114517001416

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of four TNF-α SNP with inflammatory biomarkers and plasma fatty acids (FA), and the interaction among them in a population-based, cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 281 subjects, aged >19 and <60 years, participated in a cross-sectional, population-based study performed in Brazil. The following SNP spanning the TNF-α gene were genotyped: -238G/A (rs361525), -308G/A (rs1800629), -857C/T (rs1799724) and -1031T/C (rs1799964). In all, eleven plasma inflammatory biomarkers and plasma FA profile were determined. To analyse the interaction between TNF-α SNP and plasma FA, a cluster analysis was performed to stratify individuals based on eleven inflammatory biomarkers into two groups used as outcome: inflammatory (INF) and non-inflammatory clusters. The -238A allele carriers had higher TNF-α (P=0·033), IL-6 (P=0·013), IL-1β (P=0·037), IL-12 (0·048) and IL-10 (P=0·010) than the GG genotype. The -308A allele carriers also had lower levels of plasma palmitoleic acid (P=0·009), oleic acid (P=0·039), total MUFA (P=0·014), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity index-16 (P=0·007), SCD-18 (P=0·020) and higher levels of PUFA (P=0·046) and DHA (P=0·044). Significant interactions modifying the risk of belonging to the INF cluster were observed with inflammatory cluster as outcome between -857C/T and plasma α-linolenic acid (P=0·026), and also between -308G/A and plasma stearic acid (P=0·044) and total SFA (P=0·040). Our study contributes to knowledge on TNF-α SNP and their association with inflammatory biomarker levels, plasma FA and the interaction among them, of particular interest for the Brazilian population.