Entanglement Distribution in Optical Networks

• Published in: IEEE journal of selected topics in quantum electronics Vol. 21; no. 3; pp. 37 - 48
• Main Authors: Ciurana, Alex, Martin, Vicente, Martinez-Mateo, Jesus, Schrenk, Bernhard, Peev, Momtchil, Poppe, Andreas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.05.2015; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Channels; Entanglement; entanglement distribution; Information technology; Multiplexing; Networks; Optical communication; Optical network units; optical networks; Optical polarization; Optical switches; Photonics; Photons; Quantum entanglement; quantum key distribution; Quantum theory; Wave division multiplexing; Wavelength division multiplexing; Wavelengths; wavelength division multiplexing; quantum key distribution; Entanglement distribution; optical networks
• ISSN: 1077-260X; 1558-4542
• DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2014.2367241

The ability to generate entangled photon pairs over a broad wavelength range opens the door to the simultaneous distribution of entanglement to multiple users in a network by using centralized sources and flexible wavelength-division multiplexing schemes. Here, we show the design of a metropolitan optical network consisting of tree-type access networks, whereby entangled photon pairs are distributed to any pair of users, independent of their location. The network is constructed employing commercial off-the-shelf components and uses the existing infrastructure, which allows for moderate deployment costs. We further develop a channel plan and a network-architecture design to provide a direct optical path between any pair of users; thus, allowing classical and one-way quantum communication, as well as entanglement distribution. This allows the simultaneous operation of multiple quantum information technologies. Finally, we present a more flexible backbone architecture that pushes away the load limitations of the original network design by extending its reach, number of users and capabilities.