COVID-19 Lockdown: Impact on Oral Health-Related Behaviors and Practices of Portuguese and Spanish Children

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 19; no. 23; p. 16004
• Main Authors: Costa, Ana L, Pereira, Joana L, Franco, Lara, Guinot, Francisco
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.11.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adolescent; Caregivers; Chi-square test; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Children & youth; Communicable Disease Control; Confinement; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental care; Dental caries; Dental Caries - epidemiology; Disease prevention; Disease transmission; Families & family life; Habits; Health Behavior; Health care access; Humans; Hygiene; Lifestyles; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Pandemics; Polls & surveys; Privacy; Questionnaires; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Shelter in place; Snack foods; Social distancing; Portugal; Spain; COVID-19; family functioning; oral health; behavior; food habits; pediatric dentistry
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316004

This study aimed to assess and compare the impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns on the oral health attitudes, dietary habits and access to dental care of Portuguese and Spanish children. A cross-sectional observational study involving caregivers of 3−17-year-old children who had cohabited during a COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Spain and Portugal was conducted. Caregivers completed an online anonymous questionnaire. Aiming groups comparison, chi-square test was used for qualitative variables. 770 surveys were obtained. Significant changes in the children’s routine were higher in Portugal (p < 0.001). Both countries showed a large percentage of children who had between 2−3 snacks between meals (p < 0.001) and a higher consumption of snacks was particularly noticed among Spanish children with untreated dental caries during the lockdown (p = 0.003). Most caregivers reported children’s oral hygiene habits did not suffer noteworthy alterations (p = 0.417), although parental supervision of toothbrushing was associated with dental attendance during the lockdown. The majority of the sample had no dental attendance during confinement. Confinement appears to have not markedly affected the oral health status and habits of the majority of these children, although an important impact of some demographic and behavioral factors upon dietary and oral care/habits was detected.