High Lead Bioavailability of Indoor Dust Contaminated with Paint Lead Species

House dust and soils can be major sources of lead (Pb) exposure for children. The American Healthy Homes Survey (AHHS) was developed to estimate Pb exposure from house dust and soil, in addition to other potential household contaminants and allergens. We have combined X-ray absorption spectroscopic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEnvironmental science & technology Vol. 55; no. 1; pp. 402 - 411
Main Authors Sowers, Tyler D, Nelson, Clay M, Diamond, Gary L, Blackmon, Matthew D, Jerden, Marissa L, Kirby, Alicia M, Noerpel, Matthew R, Scheckel, Kirk G, Thomas, David J, Bradham, Karen D
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Chemical Society 05.01.2021
Subjects
Allergens
Animals
Bioavailability
Biological Availability
Contaminants
Dust
Dust - analysis
Exposure
Fingerprinting
House dust
Indoor air pollution
Lead
Mice
Paint
Soil
Soil contamination
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Soils
Speciation
Species
X ray absorption
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Summary:House dust and soils can be major sources of lead (Pb) exposure for children. The American Healthy Homes Survey (AHHS) was developed to estimate Pb exposure from house dust and soil, in addition to other potential household contaminants and allergens. We have combined X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) fingerprinting and mouse relative bioavailability (RBA) measurements for a subset of house dust and residential soils collected in the AHHS, with the primary objective of gaining a better understanding of determinants of house dust Pb bioavailability. Lead speciation was well related to variations in RBA results and revealed that highly bioavailable Pb (hydroxy)carbonate (indicative of Pb-based paint) was the major Pb species present in house dusts. Measured Pb RBA was up to 100% and is likely driven by paint Pb. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Pb RBA for U.S. house dust contaminated in situ with paint Pb and corroborates results from a previous study that demonstrated high RBA of paint Pb added to soil. We also report a relatively low RBA (23%) in a residential soil where the major Pb species was found to be plumbojarosite, consistent with a previous report that plumbojarosite lowers Pb RBA in soils.
ISSN:0013-936X
1520-5851
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.0c06908