A bivalent fusion vaccine composed of recombinant Apx proteins shows strong protection against Actinobacillus pleuroneumoniae serovar 1 and 2 in a mouse model

• Published in: Pathogens and disease Vol. 77; no. 2
• Main Authors: Park, Byung-Sun, Lee, Nakhyung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Oxford University Press 01.03.2019
• Subjects: Actinobacillus Infections - mortality; Actinobacillus Infections - prevention & control; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae - classification; Amino Acid Sequence; Amyloid precursor protein; Animal models; Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood; Antibodies, Bacterial - immunology; Bacterial Toxins - administration & dosage; Bacterial Toxins - chemistry; Bacterial Toxins - immunology; Bacterial Vaccines - administration & dosage; Bacterial Vaccines - immunology; Cell-mediated immunity; Cross-protection; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Economic impact; Economic models; Exotoxins; Humoral immunity; IgG antibody; Immunization; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin G - immunology; Interleukin 12; Interleukin 5; Livestock; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes - immunology; Lymphocytes - metabolism; Lymphocytes T; Mice; Pleuropneumonia; Proteins; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - administration & dosage; Recombinant Fusion Proteins - immunology; Serotypes; Swine; Toxins; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Vaccines; γ-Interferon; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; fusion vaccine; protein vaccine
• ISSN: 2049-632X; 2049-632X
• DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftz020

Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) causes porcine pleuropneumoniae, resulting in severe economic losses in the swine industry. Since there are diverse serotypes of APP, it is necessary for vaccines to induce cross-protection. In this report, we developed a bivalent fusion vaccine, the L vaccine composed of ApxIA and ApxIIA fragments. According to the experimental results of the L vaccine, recombinant protein specific-IgG antibody level increased significantly as well as Apx toxin specific-IgG antibody, suggesting toxin-neutralizing effect. Also, the production of both IgG1 and IgG2a indicates this fusion vaccine induces Th1 and Th2 immune reactions. In addition, lymphocytes were proliferated and immune related-cytokines of TNF-α, IL-12, IFN-γ and IL-5 were detected in the serum after the vaccination. The L vaccine showed a perfect cross-protection against APP serovar 1 and 2 that each secrete different Apx exotoxins. These findings reveal that the fusion L vaccine induces specific humoral and cellular immunity, leading to a perfect cross-protection against A. pleuropneumoniae infections in a murine model.