The Relevance of Insomnia in the Diagnosis of Perinatal Depression: Validation of the Italian Version of the Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 18; no. 23; p. 12507
• Main Authors: De Chiara, Lavinia, Mazza, Cristina, Ricci, Eleonora, Koukopoulos, Alexia Emilia, Kotzalidis, Georgios D, Bonito, Marco, Callovini, Tommaso, Roma, Paolo, Angeletti, Gloria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 27.11.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Anxiety; Clinical medicine; Depression; Female; Genetics; Gynecology; Hospitals; Humans; Insomnia; Likert scale; Mental depression; Mental disorders; Mental health care; Obstetrics; Postpartum depression; Pregnancy; Prenatal depression; Psychologists; Psychometrics; Questionnaires; Reliability analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Sleep disorders; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - diagnosis; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - epidemiology; Sleep Quality; Sociodemographics; Surveys and Questionnaires; Validation studies; Womens health; Rome Italy; United States > US; Italy; internal consistency; Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire; convergent validity; sleep disorders; perinatal period
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312507

Sleep disorders are common in perinatal women and may underlie or trigger anxiety and depression. We aimed to translate and validate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Insomnia Symptom Questionnaire (ISQ), in a sample of women during late pregnancy and 6-months postpartum according to the DSM-5 criteria. The ISQ was administered to 292 women prenatally along with other measures of sleep quality, depression, and anxiety, to examine its construct and convergent validity. Women were readministered the ISQ six months postdelivery to assess test-retest reliability. Women were divided into DSM-5 No-Insomnia ( = 253) and Insomnia ( = 39) groups. The insomnia group had received more psychopharmacotherapy, had more psychiatric family history, increased rates of medically assisted reproduction, of past perinatal psychiatric disorders, and scored higher on almost all TEMPS-A dimensions, on the EPDS, HCL-32, PSQI, and on ISQ prenatally and postnatally. ISQ scores correlated with all scales, indicating adequate convergent and discriminant validity; furthermore, it showed antenatal-postnatal test-retest reliability, 97.5% diagnostic accuracy, 79.5% sensitivity, 94.9% specificity, 70.5% positive predictive power, and 92.8% negative predictive power. The ISQ is useful, valid, and reliable for assessing perinatal insomnia in Italian women. The Italian version showed equivalent properties to the original version.