Prevalence and Correlates of Likely Major Depressive Disorder among Medical Students in Alberta, Canada

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 19; no. 18; p. 11496
• Main Authors: Dhanoa, Sumeet, Oluwasina, Folajinmi, Shalaby, Reham, Kim, Esther, Agyapong, Belinda, Hrabok, Marianne, Eboreime, Ejemai, Kravtsenyuk, Maryana, Yang, Alicia, Nwachukwu, Izu, Moreau, Chantal, Abba-Aji, Adam, Li, Daniel, Agyapong, Vincent I O
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 13.09.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Academic achievement; Alberta - epidemiology; Anxiety; Burnout; Chi-square test; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression - epidemiology; Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology; Emotional abuse; Extracurricular activities; Female; Humans; Intervention; Male; Medical education; Medical schools; Medical students; Mental depression; Mental disorders; Mental health; Population; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Recreation; Social interactions; Students; Students, Medical; Surveys; Alberta; Canada; United States > US; social support; prevalence; major depressive disorder; medical students
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811496

Medical students are exposed to multiple factors during their academic and clinical studies that contribute to depression. This study aims to examine the prevalence and correlates of likely major depressive disorder (MDD) among medical students. This study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design. Data were collected through a self-administered online survey, which included questions on sociodemographic characteristics and likely MDD using the PHQ-9. Data were analyzed using a descriptive, Chi-square test and logistic regression model. There were 246 medical students who participated in the survey. The majority were females, 155 (65.1%); Caucasian, 158 (66.4%); and in a relationship, 168 (70.5%). The prevalence of likely MDD was 29.1%. Respondents who did not feel supported and respondents who were neutral about their social support, friends, and family, were 11 and 4 times more likely to experience MDD than those who felt well supported (OR = 11.14; 95% CI: 1.14-108.80) and (OR = 4.65; 95% CI: 1.10-19.56), respectively. This study suggests a high prevalence of likely MDD among medical students who do not feel they have sufficient social support from friends and family. Social adjustments, including talking to friends and family and participating in leisure activities, could reduce the level of depression among medical students.