Prevalence and risk factors of periodontitis among adults with or without diabetes mellitus

• Published in: The Korean journal of internal medicine Vol. 31; no. 5; pp. 910 - 919
• Main Authors: Hong, Mihee, Kim, Hee Yeon, Seok, Hannah, Yeo, Chang Dong, Kim, Young Soo, Song, Jae Yen, Lee, Young Bok, Lee, Dong-Hee, Lee, Jae-Im, Lee, Tae-Kyu, Ahn, Hyo-Suk, Ko, Yoon Ho, Jeong, Seong Cheol, Chae, Hiun Suk, Sohn, Tae Seo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) The Korean Association of Internal Medicine 01.09.2016; 대한내과학회
• Subjects: Adult; Chronic Periodontitis - epidemiology; Chronic Periodontitis - etiology; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; Original; Prevalence; Republic of Korea - epidemiology; Risk Factors; 내과학; Periodontal diseases; Population surveillance; Periodontitis; Nutrition surveys; Diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 1226-3303; 2005-6648
• DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.031

This study examined prevalence and risk factors of periodontitis in representative samples of Korean adults, with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). Data from the 2012 Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey were analyzed. A total of 4,477 adults (≥ 30 years old) were selected from 8,057 individuals who completed a nutrition survey, a self-reported general health behavior questionnaire, an oral examination, an oral hygiene behaviors survey, and laboratory tests. DM was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, or self-reported diagnosed diabetes, or current use of oral hypoglycemic agents and/or insulin. The community periodontal index was used to assess periodontitis status and comparisons between the periodontitis and the non-periodontitis group, were performed, according to the presence of DM. Risk factors for periodontitis in adults with DM and without DM were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher in adults with DM (43.7%) than in those without DM (25%, p < 0.001). In adults without DM, risk factors for periodontitis were older age, male, urban habitation, waist circumference, smoking, oral pain, and less frequent tooth brushing. Significant risk factors for periodontitis in adults with DM were the smoking, oral pain, and not-using an oral hygiene product. Adults with DM have an increased risk of periodontitis than those without DM. Current smoking and oral pain increase this risk. Using an oral hygiene product can reduce risk of periodontal disease in adults with DM.