Myocardin in biology and disease

Myocardin （MYOCD） is a potent transcriptional coactivator that functions primarily in cardiac muscle and smooth muscle through direct contacts with serum response factor （SRF） over cis elements known as CArG boxes found near a number of genes encoding for contractile, ion channel, cytoskeletal, and...

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Published inJournal of biomedical research Vol. 29; no. 1; pp. 3 - 19
Main Author Miano, Joseph M
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published China Editorial Department of Journal of Biomedical Research 01.01.2015
Subjects
Review
基因表达
心肌素
激活因子
生物
细胞骨架
翻译后加工
蛋白复合物
血管性疾病
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Summary:Myocardin （MYOCD） is a potent transcriptional coactivator that functions primarily in cardiac muscle and smooth muscle through direct contacts with serum response factor （SRF） over cis elements known as CArG boxes found near a number of genes encoding for contractile, ion channel, cytoskeletal, and calcium handling proteins. Since its discovery more than 10 years ago, new insights have been obtained regarding the diverse isoforms of MYOCD expressed in cells as well as the regulation of MYOCD expression and activity through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational processes. Curiously, there are a number of functions associated with MYOCD that appear to be independent of contractile gene expression and the CArG-SRF nucleoprotein complex. Further, perturbations in MYOCD gene expression are associated with an increasing number of diseases including heart failure, cancer, acute vessel disease, and diabetes. This review summarizes the various biological and patho- logical processes associated with MYOCD and offers perspectives to several challenges and future directions for further study of this formidable transcriptional coactivator.
Bibliography:32-1810/R
Myocardin （MYOCD） is a potent transcriptional coactivator that functions primarily in cardiac muscle and smooth muscle through direct contacts with serum response factor （SRF） over cis elements known as CArG boxes found near a number of genes encoding for contractile, ion channel, cytoskeletal, and calcium handling proteins. Since its discovery more than 10 years ago, new insights have been obtained regarding the diverse isoforms of MYOCD expressed in cells as well as the regulation of MYOCD expression and activity through transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational processes. Curiously, there are a number of functions associated with MYOCD that appear to be independent of contractile gene expression and the CArG-SRF nucleoprotein complex. Further, perturbations in MYOCD gene expression are associated with an increasing number of diseases including heart failure, cancer, acute vessel disease, and diabetes. This review summarizes the various biological and patho- logical processes associated with MYOCD and offers perspectives to several challenges and future directions for further study of this formidable transcriptional coactivator.
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The author reported no conflict of interests.
ISSN:1674-8301
DOI:10.7555/JBR.29.20140151