Pyrolysis of waste animal fats in a fixed-bed reactor: Production and characterization of bio-oil and bio-char

• Published in: Waste management (Elmsford) Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 210 - 218
• Main Authors: Ben Hassen-Trabelsi, A., Kraiem, T., Naoui, S., Belayouni, H.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: 09 BIOMASS FUELS; ALDEHYDES; ALKANES; ALKENES; Animal fatty wastes; Animals; Applied sciences; ASH CONTENT; Bio-char; Bio-oil; BIOFUELS; Biofuels - analysis; CARBON; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; CHARS; ESTERS; Exact sciences and technology; FATS; FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROMETERS; FOWL; FTIR; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; GC–MS; HEATING RATE; Hot Temperature; INFRARED SPECTRA; KETONES; NITROGEN; Oils - analysis; Oils - chemistry; ORGANIC WASTES; Other wastes and particular components of wastes; PACKED BEDS; Pollution; Poultry; PYROLYSIS; Refuse Disposal - instrumentation; Refuse Disposal - methods; SHEEP; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; SWINE; SYNTHETIC FUELS; Wastes; X-Ray Diffraction; Pyrolysis; GC–MS; Animal fatty wastes; Bio-char; FTIR; Bio-oil; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Alkene; Hydrocarbon; Swine; Ash content; Alkane; Fixed bed reactor; Artiodactyla; Nitrogen; Ungulata
• ISSN: 0956-053X; 1879-2456
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2013.09.019

•Produced bio-fuels (bio-oil and bio-char) from some animal fatty wastes.•Investigated the effects of main parameters on pyrolysis products distribution.•Determined the suitable conditions for the production of the maximum of bio-oil.•Characterized bio-oils and bio-chars obtained from several animal fatty wastes. Several animal (lamb, poultry and swine) fatty wastes were pyrolyzed under nitrogen, in a laboratory scale fixed-bed reactor and the main products (liquid bio-oil, solid bio-char and syngas) were obtained. The purpose of this study is to produce and characterize bio-oil and bio-char obtained from pyrolysis of animal fatty wastes. The maximum production of bio-oil was achieved at a pyrolysis temperature of 500°C and a heating rate of 5°C/min. The chemical (GC–MS analyses) and spectroscopic analyses (FTIR analyses) of bio-oil showed that it is a complex mixture consisting of different classes of organic compounds, i.e., hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, cyclic compounds…etc.), carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, esters,…etc. According to fuel properties, produced bio-oils showed good properties, suitable for its use as an engine fuel or as a potential source for synthetic fuels and chemical feedstock. Obtained bio-chars had low carbon content and high ash content which make them unattractive for as renewable source energy.