Current Strategies to Enhance Delivery of Drugs across the Blood-Brain Barrier

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has shown to be a significant obstacle to brain medication delivery. The BBB in a healthy brain is a diffusion barrier that prevents most substances from passing from the blood to the brain; only tiny molecules can pass across the BBB. The BBB is disturbed in specific p...

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Published inPharmaceutics Vol. 14; no. 5; p. 987
Main Authors Teleanu, Raluca Ioana, Preda, Manuela Daniela, Niculescu, Adelina-Gabriela, Vladâcenco, Oana, Radu, Crina Ioana, Grumezescu, Alexandru Mihai, Teleanu, Daniel Mihai
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 04.05.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Alzheimer's disease
Blood vessels
blood–brain barrier
Brain cancer
Brain diseases
Dementia
Drugs
Homeostasis
Illnesses
Magnetic resonance imaging
medication delivery techniques
Metabolism
Molecular weight
Multiple sclerosis
nanoparticles
Nervous system
Pathophysiology
Permeability
Physiology
Proteins
Review
Stroke
medication delivery techniques
blood–brain barrier
nanoparticles
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Summary:The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has shown to be a significant obstacle to brain medication delivery. The BBB in a healthy brain is a diffusion barrier that prevents most substances from passing from the blood to the brain; only tiny molecules can pass across the BBB. The BBB is disturbed in specific pathological illnesses such as stroke, diabetes, seizures, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. The goal of this study is to offer a general overview of current brain medication delivery techniques and associated topics from the last five years. It is anticipated that this review will stimulate readers to look into new ways to deliver medications to the brain. Following an introduction of the construction and function of the BBB in both healthy and pathological conditions, this review revisits certain contested questions, such as whether nanoparticles may cross the BBB on their own and if medications are selectively delivered to the brain by deliberately targeted nanoparticles. Current non-nanoparticle options are also discussed, including drug delivery via the permeable BBB under pathological circumstances and the use of non-invasive approaches to improve brain medication absorption.
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ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics14050987