Serologic and fecal markers to predict response to induction therapy in dogs with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease

• Published in: Journal of veterinary internal medicine Vol. 32; no. 3; pp. 999 - 1008
• Main Authors: Otoni, Cristiane C., Heilmann, Romy M., García‐Sancho, Mercedes, Sainz, Angel, Ackermann, Mark R., Suchodolski, Jan S., Steiner, Jörg M., Jergens, Albert E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley and Sons Inc 01.05.2018
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic - blood; biomarkers; Biomarkers - analysis; Biomarkers - blood; C-Reactive Protein - analysis; Case-Control Studies; diarrhea and vomiting; Dog Diseases - blood; Dog Diseases - diagnosis; Dogs; Feces - chemistry; Female; inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - blood; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - diagnosis; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - veterinary; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex - analysis; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex - blood; Male; Prospective Studies; Severity of Illness Index; SMALL ANIMAL; dogs; diarrhea and vomiting; inflammation; biomarkers
• ISSN: 0891-6640; 1939-1676
• DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15123

Background Little information is available of markers that assess the disease course in dogs with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Objectives Evaluate relationship between disease severity and serum and fecal biomarkers in dogs with idiopathic IBD before and after treatment. Animals Sixteen dogs with idioptahic IBD and 13 healthy dogs. Methods Prospective case control study. Canine IBD activity index (CIBDAI) clinical score, serum concentrations of C‐reactive protein (CRP), perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA), and serum and fecal canine calprotectin (cCP) were measured before and after 21 days of treatment. Results Serum CRP (median 3.5 mg/L; range: 0.1‐52.4 mg/L), fecal cCP (median 92.3 μg/g; range: 0.03‐637.5 μg/g), and CIBDAI scores significantly increased in dogs with IBD before treatment compared with serum CRP (median 0.2 mg/L; range: 0.1‐11.8 mg/L; P < .001), fecal cCP (median 0.67 μg/g; range: 0.03‐27.9 μg/g; P < .001) and CIBDAI (P < .001) after treatment. No significant associations between CIBDAI scores and before or after treatment serum biomarkers. There was a significant association between fecal cCP and CIBDAI scores before treatment (rho = 0.60, P = .01). CRP and fecal cCP significantly decreased after treatment (median 3.5 mg/L v. 0.2 mg/L; P < .001 and 92.3 μg/g v. 0.67 μg/g; P = .001, respectively). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our data indicate that measurement of fecal cCP concentration is a useful biomarker for noninvasive evaluation of intestinal inflammation. Dogs with severe signs of GI disease more often have abnormal markers than dogs having less severe disease.