Assessment of Liaison XL Murex Chagas diagnostic performance in blood screening for Chagas disease using a reference array of chimeric antigens

• Published in: Transfusion (Philadelphia, Pa.) Vol. 61; no. 9; pp. 2701 - 2709
• Main Authors: Santos, Emily F., Leony, Leonardo M., Silva, Ângelo A. O., Daltro, Ramona T., Freitas, Natália E. M., Vasconcelos, Larissa C. M., Araújo, Fernando L. V., Celedon, Paola A. F., Krieger, Marco A., Zanchin, Nilson I. T., Santos, Fred L. N.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.09.2021; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Antibodies; Antigens; Arrays; Blood; Blood & organ donations; Blood banks; Blood donors; Chagas disease; Chemiluminescence; Diagnostic systems; Donor Infectious Disease Testing; Hematology; Identification methods; Immunoassay; Immunoassays; Immunoglobulin G; Latent class analysis; Peptides; Protozoa; Screening; Sensitivity; serological screening; Serology; Vector-borne diseases
• ISSN: 0041-1132; 1537-2995
• DOI: 10.1111/trf.16583

Background Chagas disease (CD) serological screening at blood banks is usually performed by a single highly sensitive serological assay, with chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIAs) being the method of choice. CLIAs employ recombinant, fusion peptides and/or chimeric antigens that selectively capture anti‐Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies. However, despite high sensitivity, the ability of these tests to identify CD‐positive cases should be evaluated against T. cruzi strains circulating in specific locales. Herein, we used a latent class analysis (LCA) approach employing an array of four chimeric antigens to assess the diagnostic performance of the Liaison XL Murex Chagas CLIA for the detection of anti‐T. cruzi IgG in serum samples. Study Design and Methods The study included a panel of 5014 serum samples collected from volunteer blood donors at the Hematology and Hemotherapy Foundation of the State of Bahia, submitted to anti‐T. cruzi antibody detection using Liaison Chagas CLIA and LCA as a reference test in the absence of a gold standard. Results LCA classified 4993 samples as negative, while positivity for T. cruzi antibodies was predicted in 21 samples. Compared with LCA, CLIA demonstrated sensitivity and specificity of 76.2% and 99.5%, respectively, providing an overall accuracy of 99.4%. Discussion In blood banks lacking a de facto highly sensitive screening immunoassay, the low sensitivity offered by Liaison Chagas CLIA renders it unsuitable for standalone use in serological screening procedures for CD. Moreover, blood banks are encouraged to carefully assess the ability of diagnostic methods to identify local T. cruzi strains in circulation.