Assessment of upper‐limb capacity, performance, and developmental disregard in children with cerebral palsy: validity and reliability of the revised Video‐Observation Aarts and Aarts module: Determine Developmental Disregard (VOAA‐DDD‐R)

• Published in: Developmental medicine and child neurology Vol. 55; no. 1; pp. 76 - 82
• Main Authors: HOUWINK, ANNEMIEKE, GEERDINK, YVONNE A, STEENBERGEN, BERT, GEURTS, ALEXANDER C H, AARTS, PAULINE B M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.01.2013
• Subjects: Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Palsy - complications; Cerebral Palsy - diagnosis; Cerebral Palsy - rehabilitation; Child; Child, Preschool; Developmental Disabilities - complications; Developmental Disabilities - diagnosis; Disability Evaluation; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Male; Occupational Therapy; Physical Therapists - psychology; Reproducibility of Results; Upper Extremity - physiopathology; Video Recording - methods
• ISSN: 0012-1622; 1469-8749
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04442.x

Aim  To investigate the validity and reliability of the revised Video‐Observation Aarts and Aarts module: Determine Developmental Disregard (VOAA‐DDD‐R). Method  Upper‐limb capacity and performance were assessed in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP) by measuring overall duration of affected upper‐limb use and the frequency of specific behaviours during a task in which bimanual activity was demanded (‘stringing beads’) and stimulated (‘decorating a muffin’). Developmental disregard was defined as the difference in duration of affected upper‐limb use between both tasks. Raters were two occupational and one physical therapist who received 3 hours of training. Construct validity was determined by comparing children with CP with typically developing children. Intrarater, interrater, and test–retest reliability were determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Standard errors of measurement and smallest detectable differences were also calculated. Results  Twenty‐five children with CP (15 females, 10 males; mean age 4y 9mo [SD 1y 7mo], range 2y 9mo–8y; Manual Ability Classification System levels I–III) scored lower on capacity (p=0.052) and performance (p<0.001), and higher on developmental disregard (p<0.001) than 46 age‐ and sex‐matched typically developing children (23 males; mean age 5y 3mo [SD 1y 5mo], range 2y 6mo–8y). The intraclass correlation coefficients (0.79–1.00) indicated good reliability. Absolute agreement was high, standard errors of measurement ranged from 4.5 to 6.8%, and smallest detectable differences ranged from 12.5 to 19.0%. Interpretation  The VOAA‐DDD‐R can be reliably and validly used by occupational and physical therapists to assess upper‐limb capacity, performance, and developmental disregard in children (2y 6mo–8y) with CP. This article is commented on by Bialocerkowski. on pages 12–13 of this issue.