Statistical characterisation and estimation of non-domestic water demand

Estimation of annual average water demand figures is critical for the design and evaluation of water distribution systems. This study evaluated the metered water consumption of more than 67,000 non-domestic consumers in six categories from cities and towns in South Africa. It was found that lognorma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inUrban water journal Vol. 14; no. 7; pp. 720 - 726
Main Authors van Zyl, H. J., Ilemobade, A. A., van Zyl, J. E., Le Gat, Y.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Abingdon Taylor & Francis 09.08.2017
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects
Agricultural land
Annual
Applications
Categories
Cities
Consumers
Daily
Demand
design demand
Distribution
Domestic water
Evaluation
Land use
Methods
non-domestic
Parks
Properties
Properties (attributes)
Regression analysis
Statistics
Systems analysis
Towns
Water
Water consumption
Water demand
Water distribution
Water distribution systems
Water engineering
design demand
non-domestik
Demande en eau
Water demand
Consommation en eau
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Summary:Estimation of annual average water demand figures is critical for the design and evaluation of water distribution systems. This study evaluated the metered water consumption of more than 67,000 non-domestic consumers in six categories from cities and towns in South Africa. It was found that lognormal distributions provide good descriptions of the annual average daily demand (AADD) distribution in each category. The land use categories Business Commercial, Industrial, Agricultural holdings and Sports & Parks displayed similar median AADDs of between 1.5 and 1.7 kl/property/day. Educational properties used substantially more water (4.7 kl/property/day), while Government & Institutional properties used substantially less water (0.7 kl/property/day). A step-wise regression analyses showed that property size has the greatest impact on water demand for most categories. Finally, a novel statistically based method is proposed for estimating the average AADD of a given number of properties based on an acceptable risk of non-exceedance.
ISSN:1573-062X
1744-9006
DOI:10.1080/1573062X.2016.1253753