The cellular mechanisms that maintain neuronal polarity

As polarized cells, neurons maintain different sets of resident plasma membrane proteins in their axons and dendrites, which is consistent with the different roles that these neurites have in electrochemical signalling. Axonal and dendritic proteins are synthesized together within the somatodendriti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inNature reviews. Neuroscience Vol. 17; no. 10; pp. 611 - 622
Main Authors Bentley, Marvin, Banker, Gary
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Nature Publishing Group 01.10.2016
Subjects
Animals
Axons
Axons - metabolism
Cell Polarity
Cell regulation
Dendrites
Dendrites - metabolism
Genetic aspects
Humans
Membrane proteins
Membrane Proteins - metabolism
Membranes
Nerve Tissue Proteins - metabolism
Neurons - cytology
Neurons - metabolism
Polarity (Biology)
Properties
Protein Transport
Proteins
Psychological aspects
Oregon
United States > US
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Summary:As polarized cells, neurons maintain different sets of resident plasma membrane proteins in their axons and dendrites, which is consistent with the different roles that these neurites have in electrochemical signalling. Axonal and dendritic proteins are synthesized together within the somatodendritic domain; this raises a fundamental question: what is the nature of the intracellular trafficking machinery that ensures that these proteins reach the correct domain? Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the processes underlying the selective sorting and selective transport of axonal and dendritic proteins and have created potential avenues for future progress.
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ISSN:1471-003X
1471-0048
1469-3178
DOI:10.1038/nrn.2016.100