Joint trajectories of task value in multiple subject domains: From both variable- and pattern-centered perspectives

• Published in: Contemporary educational psychology Vol. 55; no. October 2018; pp. 139 - 154
• Main Authors: Guo, Jiesi, Wang, Ming-Te, Ketonen, Elina E., Eccles, Jacquelynne Sue, Salmela-Aro, Katariina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.10.2018
• Subjects: Achievement need; Adolescents; Career choice; Expectancy value theory; Expectation; Females; Gender differences; Gender gap; Longitudinal studies; Males; Postsecondary education; Secondary education; STEM; STEM education; Student motivation; Task value; Task values; Finland; Gender gap; Expectancy-value theory; Task values; Career choice; STEM
• ISSN: 0361-476X; 1090-2384
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.10.004

•Subjective task value (STV) trends in three domains from G9 to G11 were tracked.•We identified three differential joint STV trajectories across domains.•Changes of STVs in one domain shaped one another to form STV hierarchies.•STV trajectories impacted long-term STEM aspirations and participation.•Gender differences in STEM fields were affected by gendered STV trajectories. This study used variable- and pattern-centered approaches to better capture the impact of adolescents’ joint developmental trajectories of subjective task values (STVs) in three domains (Finnish, math and science, and social subject) from grades 9 to 11 on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) aspirations at four years postsecondary school and STEM participation at six years postsecondary school (N = 849 Finnish youth; 52.1% female; 99% native Finnish). Results showed that while adolescents’ average STVs in different domains remained stable, three differential joint STV trajectories emerged across domains. Individual changes of STVs in one domain shaped STVs in other domains to form unique relative STV hierarchies within subgroups that impacted long-term STEM aspirations and participation. Gender differences in STV trajectory profile distributions partially explained the overall underrepresentation of women in STEM fields. This study is among the first to incorporate multiple domains and explore how STVs fluctuate over time in both homogeneous and heterogeneous fashions. These findings underscore the importance of examining heterogeneity in motivational trajectories across domains.