Determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus: A case control study in a district tertiary care hospital in south India

• Published in: International journal of diabetes in developing countries Vol. 30; no. 2; pp. 91 - 96
• Main Authors: Bhat, Mamta, K N, Ramesha, Sarma, Sankara P, Menon, Sangeetha, C V, Sowmini, S, Ganesh Kumar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Springer Nature B.V 01.04.2010; Medknow Publications
• Subjects: Developing countries; Diabetes; LDCs; Original; Pregnancy; Womens health; Determinants; Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; Chi square test; Odds Ratio
• ISSN: 0973-3930; 1998-3832
• DOI: 10.4103/0973-3930.62599

To study the determinants of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). Case-control study. Sri Avittom Thirunal Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala, South India. 300 GDM women as cases and 300 age-matched controls. Sociodemographic characteristics, pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI), menstrual history, obstetric history, infertility history, family history of diabetes in first degree relatives, recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI), and moniliasis. T-test, Fishers Exact Test, Chi square test, Adjusted Odds Ratio with 95% CI. Pre-pregnancy BMI >/= 25 (P < 0.001, OR = 2.7), irregular menstrual cycle (P = 0.006), treatment for infertility (P = 0.001, OR = 3.3), family history of diabetes (P = 0.001, OR = 4.5), history of diabetes in mother (P = 0.003), previous pregnancy losses (P = 0.04), past GDM (P = 0.035), prematurity (P = 0.01), pre-eclampsia (P = 0.04), polyhydramnios (P < 0.001, OR = 6.0), UTI (P < 0.001, OR = 3.2), and moniliasis (P < 0.001, OR = 7.6) were significantly associated with present GDM. Early identification of women at risk of GDM and prompt treatment is recommended to prevent complications.