Stable Pb(II) ion-selective electrodes with a low detection limit using silver nanoparticles/polyaniline as the solid contact

• Published in: Mikrochimica acta (1966) Vol. 188; no. 11; p. 393
• Main Authors: Zeng, Xianghua, Jiang, Wenwen, Waterhouse, Geoffrey I. N., Jiang, Xiaohui, Zhang, Zhiming, Yu, Liangmin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Vienna Springer Vienna 01.11.2021; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Analytical Chemistry; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Electrodes; Electron transport; Ion detectors; Microengineering; Nanochemistry; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Original Paper; Polyanilines; Povidone; Reproducibility; Sensors; Silver; Stability; Pb; selective electrodes; Polyaniline; Potentiometry; Silver nanoparticles; Solid contact
• ISSN: 0026-3672; 1436-5073
• DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05046-y

Solid contact-based ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs) based on silver nanoparticles/polyaniline (Ag@PANI) as the solid contact (SC) were successfully prepared. The Ag@PANI SC showed high capacitance and excellent electron transport performance. Owing to the synergetic effects of the Ag nanoparticles and PANI, a GC/Ag@PANI-II/Pb 2+ -ISE (where II refers to a Ag content of 0.01 wt% in the SC layer) showed a low Pb 2+ detection limit (6.31 × 10 −10  M) with a slope of 29.1 ± 0.3 mV/dec, a fast response (< 5 s), and high stability. GC/Ag@PANI-II/Pb 2+ -ISE exhibited a Nernstian response for Pb 2+ ions over a wide concentration range (10 −3 to 10 −9  M). After a 3-week operation, GC/Ag@PANI-II/Pb 2+ -ISE responded linearly to Pb 2+ over the range of 10 −7 –10 −3  M, demonstrating good long-term potential stability. Furthermore, the electrode showed excellent reproducibility and repeatability of the potential values and was successfully applied to detect the Pb 2+ concentration in real samples with a recovery of 97 − 109%. Results suggest that Ag@PANI composites offer good transducer performance in trace ion detection sensors. Graphical abstract