Effect of tool angles on the chips generated during milling of wood by straight router-bits

• Published in: Journal of wood science Vol. 49; no. 3; pp. 271 - 274
• Main Authors: Su, W.C. (National Chiayi Univ. (Taiwan)), Wang, Y, Zhu, N, Tanaka, C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tokyo Springer 01.06.2003; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: ACER SACCHARUM; Applied sciences; Chips; CUNNINGHAMIA; Cutting parameters; Cutting speed; Diameters; EQUIPMENT TESTING; Exact sciences and technology; Granular materials; Mechanical woodworking and drying; Polymer industry, paints, wood; Rake angle; Sharpness; Thickness measurement; Weight; Wood; WOOD CHIPS; WOOD RESIDUES; Wood. Paper. Non wovens; WOODWORKING; WOODWORKING EQUIPMENT; China; Machining; Hardwood; Softwood; Experimental study; Aceraceae; Wood chip; Abies; Acer saccharum; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Gymnospermae; Milling; Coniferales; Spermatophyta
• ISSN: 1435-0211; 1611-4663
• DOI: 10.1007/s10086-002-0470-1

The effect of tool angles on the shapes of chips generated by parallel-to-grain and end-grain milling was explored for China fir and maple under fixed spindle and feed speeds and cutting depth. The milling path was up-milling by straight router-bits with a diameter of 12 mm. The chip shapes could be distinguished as five types: spiral, splinter, flow, thin, and granules or powder. The flow and thin chips were generated most often (on a weight percentage basis) for all tool angles investigated for parallel-to-grain and end-grain milling of China fir and maple. More granule chips were produced with parallel-to-grain milling than with end-grain milling for both woods. The measured chip thickness (t′) was thicker than the calculated thickness (tmax). Thicker and longer maple chips were produced by end-grain milling than by parallel-to-grain milling. The tool geometries of 40°/15° (sharpness of the angle–rake angle), 50°/15°, and 60°/15° for China fir and 40°/25°, 50°/5°, and 60°/5° for maple produced relatively more flow chips with parallel-to-grain milling. Furthermore, the tool geometries of 40°/5°, 50°/15° and 60°/25° produced more flow chips (weight percentage) by end-grain milling of China fir and maple.