Extraction, chemical characterization and biological activity determination of broccoli health promoting compounds

• Published in: Journal of Chromatography A Vol. 1313; pp. 78 - 95
• Main Authors: Ares, Ana M., Nozal, María J., Bernal, José
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 25.10.2013
• Subjects: Advanced characterization methods; bioactive properties; Biological activity assessment; Brassica - chemistry; Brassica oleracea var. italica; Broccoli; Chemical Fractionation - methods; chromatography; Extraction techniques; glucosinolates; Health promoting compounds; health promotion; minerals; nutrition; phenolic compounds; Phytochemicals; Phytochemicals - analysis; Phytochemicals - chemistry; Plant Extracts - analysis; Plant Extracts - chemistry; vitamins; H2C2O4; GLSs; β-MET; SPE; HAc; H2O2; XRF; RPLC; KCl; RT-PCR; IC; GC×GC; AA; EtOAc; PBS; SDS; MECK; IEC; NaNO2; Tris–HCl; TOC; AES; DCM; MAE; SEC; Na2B4O7; Broccoli; AAS; TCA; Phytochemicals; FCR; TCD; H3BO3; MeOH; GRA; FAMEs; MES; DHAA; FA; OES; USDA; FLD; HClO4; NADPH; NaH2PO4; DTT; NS; Health promoting compounds; NaOH; EtOH; TLC; MS/MS; Cl3CH; HCl; NaF; SF; SFE; THF; FTIR; AlCl3; ITCs; ESI; FRAP; Biological activity assessment; NaC2H3O2; NH4C2H3O2; FID; ORAC; C6H8O7; HSCCC; KOH; DAD; ECD; Extraction techniques; FMOC-Cl; FTICR; HNO3; ACN; EDTA; NAA; NMR; TEAC; FES; UPLC; ICP; LC; Advanced characterization methods; C6H4(SH)2; TCEP; ABTS; MPA; 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid); tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine; high speed counter current chromatography; reverse phase liquid chromatography; HO; HNO; 1,2-benzenedithiol; AlCl; microwave assisted extraction; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography; formic acid; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; ethyl acetate; isothiocyanates; sodium hydroxide; sodium fluoride; sodium dihydrogen phosphate; X-ray fluorescence; citric acid; folin-ciocalteu reagent; perchloric acid; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity; inductively coupled plasma; aluminium chloride; ammonium acetate; trichloroacetic acid; NaBO; neutron activation analysis; mercaptoethanol; potassium hydroxide; dehydroascorbic acid; electrospray ionization; ethanol; methanol; micellar electrokinetic chromatography; flame ionization detector; glucoraphanin; thin layer chromatography; dithiothreitol; thermal conductivity detector; Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance; tris–hydrochloride; CH(SH); atomic absorption spectroscopy; electrochemical detector; diode array detector; flame emission spectroscopy; atomic emission spectroscopy; oxalic acid; sulforaphane; not specified; fatty acids methyl esters; ultra performance liquid chromatography; potassium chloride; CHO; ClCH; supercritical fluid extraction; nitric acid; tandem mass spectrometry; HBO; dichloromethane or methylene chloride; solid phase extraction; ion chromatography; acetonitrile; size exclusion chromatography; optical emission spectroscopy; sodium borate; hydrogen peroxide; clucosinolates; NaCHO; ion-exchange chromatography; liquid chromatographic; meta-phosphoric acid; HCO; sodium nitrite; 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid; HClO; boric acid; United States Department of Agriculture; tocopherol; sodium acetate; sodium dodecyl sulfate; fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride; fluorescence detector; oxygen radical absorbance capacity; tetrahydrofuran; phosphate buffer saline; ascorbic acid or vitamin C; NaHPO; nuclear magnetic resonance; NaNO; chloroform; acetic acid; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; ferric reducing antioxidant power; NHCHO; hydrochloric acid
• ISSN: 0021-9673; 1873-3778
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.051

•Broccoli is an excellent dietary source of health promoting compounds.•They have been found health promoting compounds in all broccoli parts.•Anticancer and antioxidant are the main biological activities related to broccoli.•Glucosinolates and related compounds have been predominantly analyzed in broccoli.•The extraction and characterization procedures used depend on the phytochemical. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) contains substantial amount of health-promoting compounds such as vitamins, glucosinolates, phenolic compounds, and dietary essential minerals; thus, it benefits health beyond providing just basic nutrition, and consumption of broccoli has been increasing over the years. This review gives an overview on the extraction and separation techniques, as well as the biological activity of some of the above mentioned compounds which have been published in the period January 2008 to January 2013. The work has been distributed according to the different families of health promoting compounds discussing the extraction procedures and the analytical techniques employed for their characterization. Finally, information about the different biological activities of these compounds has been also provided.