The Effect of Laser Photobiomodulation on Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

• Published in: Photochemistry and photobiology Vol. 97; no. 4; pp. 851 - 859
• Main Authors: Gholami, Leila, Parsamanesh, Gilda, Shahabi, Shiva, Jazaeri, Marzieh, Baghaei, Kaveh, Fekrazad, Reza
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.07.2021
• Subjects: Alizarin; Biomedical materials; Cell Differentiation; Cell Proliferation; Cell viability; Continuous radiation; Deposition; Differentiation (biology); Evaluation; Flux density; Gene expression; Humans; Infrared lasers; Irradiation; Lasers; Lasers, Semiconductor; Ligaments; Light therapy; Low-Level Light Therapy; Mineralization; Osteogenesis; Periodontal Ligament; Semiconductor lasers; Stem Cells; Vascular endothelial growth factor
• ISSN: 0031-8655; 1751-1097
• DOI: 10.1111/php.13367

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is considered as a noninvasive procedure with the potential of inducing favorable changes in cellular behavior. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of near‐infrared low‐intensity laser PBM on proliferation, viability and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells isolated from human periodontal ligament. A 940‐nm diode laser with an energy density of 4 J cm−2 in a 100‐mW continuous wave was used for irradiation in 3 sessions every 48h. Cell viability was measured 24, 48 and 72 h after irradiation. The effects of laser on mineralized tissue deposition were evaluated by using Alizarin red staining after dividing cells into three groups of nonosteogenic medium (C−), an osteogenic medium without laser (C+), and an osteogenic medium with laser irradiation (L+). Gene expression levels were also evaluated by real‐time PCR. Our results showed no significant difference between MTT levels of the study and control groups. After 14 and 21 days, both L+ and C+ groups showed an increase in mineralized tissue formation compared to the C− group. There was an increase in VEGF and BMP expressions compared to C−. In conclusion, the irradiation setting used in this study may be able to improve mineralized tissue deposition. Effects of near‐infrared low‐intensity laser photobiomodulation on proliferation, viability and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells isolated from human periodontal ligament were studied. A 940‐nm InGaAsp diode laser was used to irradiate the cells in three sessions with 48h intervals and an energy density of 4 J cm−2, in a continuous wave irradiation mode. Cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, and expression of osteogenic differentiation‐related genes were evaluated. In the laser‐irradiated groups, osteogenic differentiation and expression of VEGF and BMP2 were significantly higher than the control group. The irradiation setting used in this study may be able to improve mineralized tissue deposition.