Gly m 5/Gly m 8 fusion component as a potential novel candidate molecule for diagnosing soya bean allergy in Japanese children

• Published in: Clinical and experimental allergy Vol. 48; no. 12; pp. 1726 - 1734
• Main Authors: Maruyama, Nobuyuki, Sato, Sakura, Cabanos, Cerrone, Tanaka, Akira, Ito, Komei, Ebisawa, Motohiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.12.2018
• Subjects: Allergens; Allergens - immunology; Allergies; Antigens, Plant - immunology; Child; Children; component‐resolved diagnostics; Cross Reactions - immunology; epitope; Female; Food allergies; Food Hypersensitivity - diagnosis; Food Hypersensitivity - epidemiology; Food Hypersensitivity - immunology; Fusion protein; Globulins - immunology; Glycine max - adverse effects; Glycine max - genetics; Glycine max - immunology; Humans; Immunoassay; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin E - blood; Immunoglobulin E - immunology; Japan - epidemiology; Male; molecular allergology; Proteins; Public Health Surveillance; Recombinant Proteins - immunology; Reproducibility of Results; Seed Storage Proteins - immunology; Sensitivity and Specificity; soya bean; Soybean Proteins - immunology; Soybeans; Japan; component-resolved diagnostics; molecular allergology; epitope; soya bean
• ISSN: 0954-7894; 1365-2222
• DOI: 10.1111/cea.13231

Summary Background Soya bean is a major food allergen in children. Component‐resolved diagnostics has improved the accuracy of diagnosing immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated food allergies. Objective We aimed to develop a novel component for the diagnosis of soya bean allergy using recombinant technology. Methods Japanese paediatric patients with suspected soya bean allergy (n = 91) were included, and symptomatic (n = 40) and asymptomatic (n = 51) cases were divided through oral food challenge testing. Specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies to each recombinant allergen component were analysed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and the diagnostic performances of the components were assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Results Among the recombinant components, sIgE antibody levels to Gly m 8 showed the highest AUC (0.706). A combination of Gly m 8 and α’ subunit of Gly m 5, improved the diagnostic performance of the single components. Moreover, the N‐terminal extension region of α’ subunit of Gly m 5, which has low cross‐reactivity among the vicilins, showed higher diagnostic performance (AUC 0.695) than the full‐length α’ subunit of Gly m 5 (AUC 0.613). Based on these findings, we developed a fusion protein of Gly m 8 plus the extension region of α’ subunit of Gly m 5; this fusion protein was very efficient for diagnosing soya bean allergy (AUC 0.801). Conclusion A fusion protein of Gly m 8 and the extension region of α’ subunit of Gly m 5 could potentially diagnose soya bean allergy in paediatric patients. Fusion proteins may be useful for producing novel allergen components with improved diagnostic value.