Sodium–glucose cotransporter inhibitors and oxidative stress: An update

• Published in: Journal of cellular physiology Vol. 234; no. 4; pp. 3231 - 3237
• Main Authors: Yaribeygi, Habib, Atkin, Stephen L., Butler, Alexandra E., Sahebkar, Amirhossein
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.04.2019
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - metabolism; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Cardiovascular Diseases - drug therapy; Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism; Chemical compounds; Clinical trials; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism; Disease control; free radicals; Glucose; glycosuria; Humans; Inhibitors; Medical research; Oxidation; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pharmacology; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Reduction; SGLT2 inhibitors; Sodium; Sodium-glucose cotransporter; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 - metabolism; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 - metabolism; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - therapeutic use; free radicals; diabetes; oxidative stress; SGLT2 inhibitors; glycosuria
• ISSN: 0021-9541; 1097-4652; 1097-4652
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26760

Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are therapeutic agents that have been used recently to reduce tubular absorption of glucose, leading to enhanced glycosuria, resulting in the reduction of blood glucose and improved diabetes control. Recent data suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors have antioxidant properties that may be key to the reduction in cardiovascular death found in clinical trials. Oxidative stress is involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, as well as underlying diabetes complications, and may result from either increased free‐radical production, a reduction in antioxidative capacity, or a combination of both. In this report, we have reviewed the recent evidence of the impact that SGLT2 inhibition may have on improved oxidative stress by either amelioration of free‐radical generation or potentiation of cellular antioxidative capacity, and its importance in the prevention of cardiovascular and diabetes complications. Sodium‐glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT‐2) are recently used therapeutic agents that reduce tubular absorption of glucose leading to enhanced glycosuria, resulting in the reduction of blood glucose and improved diabetes control; recent data suggests that SGLT‐2 inhibitors have antioxidant properties that may be key to the reduction in cardiovascular death seen in clinical trials. Oxidative stress is involved in atherosclerosis development and progression, as well as underlying diabetes complications, and may result from either increased free radical production, a reduction in anti‐oxidative capacity or a combination of both. In this report we have reviewed the recent evidence of the impact that SGLT2 inhibition may have on improved oxidative stress by either amelioration of free radical generation or potentiation of cellular anti‐oxidative capacity, and its importance in prevention of cardiovascular and diabetes complications.