Drug repositioning in thyroid cancer: from point mutations to gene fusions

The diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC) has increased dramatically in recent years. Papillary TC is the most frequent type and has shown a good prognosis. Conventional treatments for TC are surgery, hormonal therapy, radioactive iodine, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, resistance to treatme...

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Published inFrontiers in oncology Vol. 14; p. 1407511
Main Authors Sánchez-Marín, David, Silva-Cázares, Macrina Beatriz, González-Del Carmen, Manuel, Campos-Parra, Alma D
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 08.05.2024
Subjects
gene fusions
mutations
Oncology
repurposed drugs
thyroid cancer
variants
thyroid cancer
mutations
repurposed drugs
variants
gene fusions
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Summary:The diagnosis of thyroid cancer (TC) has increased dramatically in recent years. Papillary TC is the most frequent type and has shown a good prognosis. Conventional treatments for TC are surgery, hormonal therapy, radioactive iodine, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. However, resistance to treatments is well documented in almost 20% of all cases. Genomic sequencing has provided valuable information to help identify variants that hinder the success of chemotherapy as well as to determine which of those represent potentially druggable targets. There is a plethora of targeted therapies for cancer, most of them directed toward point mutations; however, chromosomal rearrangements that generate fusion genes are becoming relevant in cancer but have been less explored in TC. Therefore, it is relevant to identify new potential inhibitors for genes that are recurrent in the formation of gene fusions. In this review, we focus on describing potentially druggable variants and propose both point variants and fusion genes as targets for drug repositioning in TC.
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Edited by: Monica Fedele, National Research Council (CNR), Italy
Reviewed by: Pasquale Pisapia, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
ISSN:2234-943X
2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2024.1407511