Effect of docosahexaenoic acid and olive oil supplementation on pup weight in alcohol-exposed pregnant rats

Low birth weight has been observed in offspring of alcoholic mothers due likely to unresolved inflammation and oxidative injury. Dietary lipids play a role in inflammation and its resolution. The primary objective was to investigate the effect of DHA and olive oil on the birth weight of pups born to...

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Published inFrontiers in pediatrics Vol. 12; p. 1334285
Main Authors Yadav, Deepak, Ostrea, Jr, Enrique M, Cheng, Charlie T, Kisseih, Esther, Maddipati, Krishna R, Thomas, Ronald L
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 04.04.2024
Subjects
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
fetal weight
inflammatory cytokines
olive oil
Pediatrics
prenatal alcohol exposure
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)
fetal weight
prenatal alcohol exposure
olive oil
fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
inflammatory cytokines
placental weight
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Summary:Low birth weight has been observed in offspring of alcoholic mothers due likely to unresolved inflammation and oxidative injury. Dietary lipids play a role in inflammation and its resolution. The primary objective was to investigate the effect of DHA and olive oil on the birth weight of pups born to alcohol-exposed dams. Pregnant rats were randomized to the control or three treatment (alcohol) groups. From gestational days (GD) 8-19, the control group received daily olive oil and malto/dextrose, whereas groups 2 and 3 received olive oil and low-dose alcohol or high-dose alcohol, respectively. Group 4 received daily DHA and high-dose alcohol. The dam's blood was collected on GD 15 and 20 for cytokine analysis. Dams were sacrificed on GD 20. The mean birth weight of pups was compared by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Duncan's test. There was a significant increase in the pups' mean birth weight in the high-dose alcohol/DHA and high-dose alcohol/olive oil. Higher pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-12p70) were noted in the alcohol-exposed dams. DHA and olive oil supplementation in alcohol-exposed pregnant rats significantly increased their pups' birth weight despite having high pro-inflammatory cytokines. The mechanism of this effect remains to be determined.
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Silvia Visentin, University of Padua, Italy
Reviewed by: Rachana Singh, Tufts University, United States
Edited by: Giovanna Verlato, University Hospital of Padua, Italy
ISSN:2296-2360
2296-2360
DOI:10.3389/fped.2024.1334285