Effectiveness of a Lifestyle Intervention on Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Physical Activity among Older Adults: Evaluation of Texercise Select

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 15; no. 2; p. 234
• Main Authors: Ory, Marcia G, Lee, Shinduk, Han, Gang, Towne, Samuel D, Quinn, Cindy, Neher, Taylor, Stevens, Alan, Smith, Matthew Lee
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30.01.2018; MDPI
• Subjects: Adults; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Behavior; Chronic illnesses; Exercise; Exercise - physiology; Female; Health Behavior; Health care; Health promotion; Humans; Intervention; Life Style; Male; Medical research; Middle Aged; Minority & ethnic groups; Multivariable control; Older people; Physical activity; Physical fitness; Public health; Sedentary Behavior; Self Efficacy; Social interactions; Social Support; Surveys and Questionnaires; Telemedicine - methods; Telemedicine - statistics & numerical data; Walking; United States > US; Texas; healthy aging; evidence-based programs; program evaluation; lifestyle intervention; physical activity
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020234

Despite the well-recognized benefits of physical activity across the life course, older adults are more inactive than other age groups. The current study examines the effects of participation on self-reported sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. Secondarily, this study examined intervention effects on two potential facilitators of physical activity: (1) self-efficacy for being more physically active and (2) social support received for physical activity. This study used a non-equivalent group design with self-reported surveys administered at baseline, three-month (immediate post for cases) and six-month follow-ups for the intervention ( = 163) and a comparison group ( = 267). Multivariable mixed model analyses were conducted controlling for age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, comorbid conditions, and site. Among the intervention group, the program had significant immediate effects on most primary outcomes ( < 0.05) at three months. Furthermore, significant improvements were observed for all physical activity intensity levels at six months ( < 0.05). The reduction in sedentary behavior and increases in all physical activity intensity levels were significantly greater from baseline to three-month and baseline to six-month follow-ups among intervention group participants relative to those in the comparison group. This study confirms the effectiveness of to reduce sedentary behavior and improve physicality, supporting the intervention's robustness as a scalable and sustainable evidence-based program. It also counters negative stereotypes that older adults are not interested in attending multi-modal lifestyle intervention programs nor able to make health behavior changes that can improve health and overall functioning.