Maternal vitamin D status and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine Vol. 26; no. 9; p. 889
• Main Authors: Wei, Shu-Qin, Qi, Hui-Ping, Luo, Zhong-Cheng, Fraser, William D
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01.06.2013
• Subjects: Diabetes, Gestational - blood; Diabetes, Gestational - epidemiology; Diabetes, Gestational - etiology; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Small for Gestational Age - blood; Pre-Eclampsia - blood; Pre-Eclampsia - epidemiology; Pre-Eclampsia - etiology; Pregnancy - blood; Pregnancy Complications - blood; Pregnancy Complications - epidemiology; Pregnancy Outcome - epidemiology; Risk Factors; Vitamin D - blood; Vitamin D Deficiency - blood; Vitamin D Deficiency - epidemiology
• ISSN: 1476-4954
• DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2013.765849

To estimate the associations between maternal vitamin D status and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We searched electronic databases of the human literature in PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library up to October, 2012 using the following keywords: "vitamin D" and "status" or "deficiency" or "insufficiency" and "pregnancy". A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on observational studies that reported the association between maternal blood vitamin D levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth or small-for-gestational age (SGA). Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Women with circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level less than 50 nmol/l in pregnancy experienced an increased risk of preeclampsia [odds ratio (OR) 2.09 (95% confidence intervals 1.50-2.90)], GDM [OR 1.38 (1.12-1.70)], preterm birth [OR 1.58 (1.08-2.31)] and SGA [OR 1.52 (1.08-2.15)]. Low maternal vitamin D levels in pregnancy may be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, GDM, preterm birth and SGA.