Pleiotropic Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in TGF-β-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Their Functions in Tumor Progression

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a spatially- and temporally-regulated process involved in physiological and pathological transformations, such as embryonic development and tumor progression. While the role of TGF-β as an EMT-inducer has been extensively documented, the molecular mechanism...

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Published inCancers Vol. 9; no. 7; p. 75
Main Authors Grelet, Simon, McShane, Ariel, Geslain, Renaud, Howe, Philip H.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 01.07.2017
MDPI
Subjects
Biology
Cancer
Cell growth
Cytokines
Drug resistance
Embryogenesis
Epidermal growth factor
Extracellular matrix
Fibroblasts
Investigations
Laboratories
Mesenchyme
Metastases
Metastasis
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Motility
Non-coding RNA
Post-transcription
Review
Roles
Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
tumor progression
non-coding RNA
tRNA
metastasis
post-transcriptional regulation
TGF-β
epithelial-mesenchymal transition
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ISSN2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI10.3390/cancers9070075

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Summary:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a spatially- and temporally-regulated process involved in physiological and pathological transformations, such as embryonic development and tumor progression. While the role of TGF-β as an EMT-inducer has been extensively documented, the molecular mechanisms regulating this transition and their implications in tumor metastasis are still subjects of intensive debates and investigations. TGF-β regulates EMT through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, and recent advances underline the critical roles of non-coding RNAs in these processes. Although microRNAs and lncRNAs have been clearly identified as effectors of TGF-β-mediated EMT, the contributions of other atypical non-coding RNA species, such as piRNAs, snRNAs, snoRNAs, circRNAs, and even housekeeping tRNAs, have only been suggested and remain largely elusive. This review discusses the current literature including the most recent reports emphasizing the regulatory functions of non-coding RNA in TGF-β-mediated EMT, provides original experimental evidence, and advocates in general for a broader approach in the quest of new regulatory RNAs.
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ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers9070075