Laser rapid drilling of bone tissue in minimizing thermal injury and debris towards orthopedic surgery

[Display omitted] •It is the first attempt to minimize thermal-injury and debris by laser bone drilling with good stability and applicability.•Drilling rate of bone by this technique increased to 0.94mm3/s, which is 19 times higher than the previously report.•Laser-drilled hole is superior regarding...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inMaterials & design Vol. 220; p. 110895
Main Authors Ji, Lingfei, Zhang, Litian, Cao, Lijie, Zheng, Jincan, Wang, Junqiang, Han, Wei, Zhang, Honglong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2022
Elsevier
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Summary:[Display omitted] •It is the first attempt to minimize thermal-injury and debris by laser bone drilling with good stability and applicability.•Drilling rate of bone by this technique increased to 0.94mm3/s, which is 19 times higher than the previously report.•Laser-drilled hole is superior regarding histology and pull-out strength due to clinically acceptable temperature under 47○C.•Condition for spreading droplets which effectively participate in heat transfer during laser drilling of bone is decided. Traditional mechanical bone drilling is prone to heat generation and debris accumulation which will cause tissue damage in orthopedic surgeries. Therefore, research on contactless laser bone drilling has become a mainstream trend in the development of bone surgery. This study presents a laser rapid drilling strategy for bone surgery with minimizing thermal osteonecrosis and debris based on the design of dynamic focusing and spreading droplet cooling. The laser drilled hole suffered from low temperature (Tmax = 46.2 ○C) under clinically accepted threshold of 47 ○C, presenting osteocyte-filled lacunas, visible Haversian canals and increased pullout strength when compared with that following mechanically drilling. An intact bone column without debris was extracted from a 4-mm-deep hole in vitro on a sheep tibia which provides a clean surgical method with increased drilling rate of 0.94 mm3/s. The criteria dimensionless We constant related to spreading droplets leading to effective heat transfer is determined as2.8 × 103 × Re-1/2 ≤ We ≤ 1.9 × 10-2 × Re7, yielding a high convective coefficient of 0.11 W/mm2·K for cooling. The comprehensive results of laser bone drilling proved the effectiveness of the presented technology and setup, which is significant in realizing rapid, debris-free orthopedic surgery.
ISSN:0264-1275
1873-4197
DOI:10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110895