Fasting triacylglycerol status, but not polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio, influences the postprandial response to a series of oral fat tolerance tests

• Published in: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry Vol. 20; no. 9; pp. 694 - 704
• Main Authors: Dekker, Mark J., Wright, Amanda J., Mazurak, Vera C., Marangoni, Alejandro G., Rush, James W.E., Graham, Terry E., Robinson, Lindsay E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01.09.2009; New York, NY: Elsevier Science; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose - analysis; blood lipids; Body Mass Index; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Clinical Chemistry Tests; diet-related diseases; dietary fat; fasting; Fasting - blood; Fatty Acids - blood; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - blood; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; hyperlipidemia; Hyperlipidemias; inflammation; Insulin - blood; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood; interleukin-6; Interleukin-6 - blood; lipid metabolism; Lipids; Lipids - administration & dosage; Male; men; Metabolic biomarkers; metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - diagnosis; Middle Aged; nutritional status; obesity-related diseases; Oral fat tolerance test; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 - blood; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 - metabolism; polyunsaturated fatty acids; Polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio; Postprandial; Postprandial Period - physiology; postprandial state; Risk Factors; saturated fatty acids; Time Factors; Triacylglycerol; triacylglycerols; Triglycerides - blood; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 - blood; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Lipids; Metabolic biomarkers; Polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio; Triacylglycerol; Postprandial; Oral fat tolerance test; Fasting; Tolerance test; Oral administration; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Biological marker; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Saturated fatty acid; Fat; Ratio; Fast
• ISSN: 0955-2863; 1873-4847
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.06.012

Elevated postprandial lipemia is emerging as a risk factor for obesity-related chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and is associated with alterations in several metabolic biomarkers of disease. Our goal was to examine the effects of specific polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid (P/S) ratios on postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations and metabolic biomarkers in men with different fasting TAG concentrations through a series of oral fat tolerance tests (OFTT) consisting solely of emulsified lipid. Otherwise healthy men with high (>1.69 mmol/L) fasting TAG (HTAG, n=8) and low fasting TAG (LTAG, n=8) underwent three OFTTs with specific P/S ratios of 0.2, 1.0 and 2.0, respectively, and a total lipid load of 1 g/kg subject body mass. All subjects received each treatment separated by at least 1 week. Postprandial plasma TAG fatty acid composition reflected fatty acids present in the OFTT. All other metabolic responses were independent of the P/S ratio ingested. An accelerated increase in postprandial TAGs was observed in HTAG compared to LTAG. Interleukin (IL)-6 and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1 were significantly elevated in HTAG at baseline ( P<.05). IL-6 increased significantly following each OFTT ( P<.05) in both groups. Postprandial glucose and CRP were significantly exaggerated ( P<.05) in HTAG. Overall, HTAG subjects had an accelerated postprandial TAG response and increased concentrations of several inflammatory markers following an OFTT, in the absence of an insulin response. However, P/S ratio had no influence on postprandial lipid and inflammatory parameters.