Dysbiosis of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in Parkinson’s Disease

• Published in: Ageing research reviews Vol. 45; pp. 53 - 61
• Main Authors: Sun, Meng-Fei, Shen, Yan-Qin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier B.V 01.08.2018
• Subjects: Central nervous system; Gut microbiota; Microbial molecules; Microbiota-targeted therapies; Parkinson's disease; Short-chain fatty acids; Gut microbiota; Short-chain fatty acids; Microbiota-targeted therapies; Parkinson's disease; Microbial molecules; Central nervous system
• ISSN: 1568-1637; 1872-9649; 1872-9649
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.04.004

•Gut microbial dysbiosis is found in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).•Microbial metabolites and microbial products contribute to PD pathology.•The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in PD.•Antibiotics, probiotics and FMT may be novel treatments for PD. Gut microbial dysbiosis and alteration of microbial metabolites in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been increasingly reported. Dysbiosis in the composition and abundance of gut microbiota can affect both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system (CNS), indicating the existence of a microbiota-gut-brain axis and thereby causing CNS diseases. Disturbance of the microbiota-gut-brain axis has been linked to specific microbial products that are related to gut inflammation and neuroinflammation. Future directions should therefore focus on the exploration of specific gut microbes or microbial metabolites that contribute to the development of PD. Microbiota-targeted interventions, such as antibiotics, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, have been shown to favorably affect host health. In this review, recent findings regarding alterations and the role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in PD are summarized, and potential molecular mechanisms and microbiota-targeted interventions in PD are discussed.