A Relationship between Stellar Age and Spot Coverage

We investigate starspot distributions consistent with space-based photometry of F, G, and K stars in six stellar associations ranging in age from 10 Myr to 4 Gyr. We show that a simple light-curve statistic called the "smoothed amplitude" is proportional to stellar age as t−1/2, following...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inThe Astrophysical journal Vol. 893; no. 1; pp. 67 - 79
Main Author Morris, Brett M.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01.04.2020
IOP Publishing
Subjects
Age
Astronomical models
Astrophysics
Bayesian statistics
Extrasolar planets
James Webb Space Telescope
K stars
Light curve
Photometry
Space telescopes
Spectroscopy
Starspots
Stellar age
Stellar models
Stellar photospheres
Stellar rotation
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Summary:We investigate starspot distributions consistent with space-based photometry of F, G, and K stars in six stellar associations ranging in age from 10 Myr to 4 Gyr. We show that a simple light-curve statistic called the "smoothed amplitude" is proportional to stellar age as t−1/2, following a Skumanich-like spin-down relation. We marginalize over the unknown stellar inclinations by forward modeling the ensemble of light curves for direct comparison with the Kepler, K2, and TESS photometry. We sample the posterior distributions for spot coverage with approximate Bayesian computation. We find typical spot coverages in the range 1%-10%, which decrease with increasing stellar age. The spot coverage is proportional to tn where n = −0.37 0.16, also statistically consistent with a Skumanich-like t−1/2 decay of starspot coverage with age. We apply two techniques to estimate the spot coverage of young exoplanet-hosting stars likely to be targeted for transmission spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope, and estimate the bias in exoplanet radius measurements due to varying starspot coverage.
Bibliography:Stars and Stellar Physics
AAS22675
ISSN:0004-637X
1538-4357
DOI:10.3847/1538-4357/ab79a0