Application of the MISTEACHING(S) disease susceptibility framework to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to identify research gaps: an exemplar of a veterinary pathogen

• Published in: Animal health research reviews Vol. 22; no. 2; pp. 120 - 135
• Main Authors: Langford, Paul R., Stringer, Oliver W., Li, Yanwen, Bossé, Janine T.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.12.2021
• Subjects: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Animals; Bacteria; Consortia; Disease prevention; Disease Susceptibility - veterinary; Genetics; Hogs; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Hypotheses; Infections; Infectious diseases; Inoculum; Lung diseases; Lungs; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Mortality; Nutrition; Parasites; Pathogens; Pneumonia; Swine; Swine Diseases - microbiology; Vaccines; infection; MISTEACHINGS; disease susceptibility; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Damage Response Framework
• ISSN: 1466-2523; 1475-2654
• DOI: 10.1017/S1466252321000074

Historically, the MISTEACHING (microbiome, immunity, sex, temperature, environment, age, chance, history, inoculum, nutrition, genetics) framework to describe the outcome of host−pathogen interaction, has been applied to human pathogens. Here, we show, using Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae as an exemplar, that the MISTEACHING framework can be applied to a strict veterinary pathogen, enabling the identification of major research gaps, the formulation of hypotheses whose study will lead to a greater understanding of pathogenic mechanisms, and/or improved prevention/therapeutic measures. We also suggest that the MISTEACHING framework should be extended with the inclusion of a ‘strain’ category, to become MISTEACHINGS. We conclude that the MISTEACHINGS framework can be applied to veterinary pathogens, whether they be bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites, and hope to stimulate others to use it to identify research gaps and to formulate hypotheses worthy of study with their own pathogens.