Micro‐ and Nanopatterning of Halide Perovskites Where Crystal Engineering for Emerging Photoelectronics Meets Integrated Device Array Technology

• Published in: Advanced materials (Weinheim) Vol. 32; no. 30; pp. e2000597 - n/a
• Main Authors: Jeong, Beomjin, Han, Hyowon, Park, Cheolmin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.07.2020
• Subjects: Arrays; Commercialization; crystal engineering; lead halide perovskites; lithography; Materials science; micropatterning; nanopatterning; Perovskites; photoelectronic devices; Photolithography; Photovoltaic cells; self‐assembled materials; Solar cells; template‐assisted growth; Thin films
• ISSN: 0935-9648; 1521-4095
• DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000597

Tremendous efforts have been devoted to developing thin film halide perovskites (HPs) for use in high‐performance photoelectronic devices, including solar cells, displays, and photodetectors. Furthermore, structured HPs with periodic micro‐ or nanopatterns have recently attracted significant interest due to their potential to not only improve the efficiency of an individual device via the controlled arrangement of HP crystals into a confined geometry, but also to technologically pixelate the device into arrays suitable for future commercialization. However, micro‐ or nanopatterning of HPs is not usually compatible with conventional photolithography, which is detrimental to ionic HPs and requires special techniques. Herein, a comprehensive overview of the state‐of‐the‐art technologies used to develop micro‐ and nanometer‐scale HP patterns, with an emphasis on their controlled microstructures based on top‐down and bottom‐up approaches, and their potential for future applications, is provided. Top‐down approaches include modified conventional lithographic techniques and soft‐lithographic methods, while bottom‐up approaches include template‐assisted patterning of HPs based on lithographically defined prepatterns and self‐assembly. HP patterning is shown here to not only improve device performance, but also to reveal the unprecedented functionality of HPs, leading to new research areas that utilize their novel photophysical properties. Micro‐ and nanopatterned halide perovskites (HPs) have recently attracted significant attention due to their controllable photophysical properties and unprecedented photoelectronic functionalities. A comprehensive overview of the state‐of‐the‐art micro‐ and nanopatterning technologies based on top‐down lithography and bottom‐up self‐assembled structures is provided. The technological use of structured HPs is also discussed.