Working with culture: culturally appropriate mental health care for Asian Americans

• Published in: Journal of advanced nursing Vol. 67; no. 11; pp. 2373 - 2382
• Main Authors: Park, Mijung, Chesla, Catherine A., Rehm, Roberta S., Chun, Kevin M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.11.2011; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Acculturation; Aged; Asian American families; Asian Americans; Asian Americans - ethnology; Asian Americans - psychology; cultural competence; Cultural Competency; Family Health - ethnology; Far East - ethnology; Female; Health education; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Status Disparities; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders - ethnology; Mental Disorders - psychology; Mental Disorders - therapy; Mental health care; Mental Health Services; Multiculturalism & pluralism; Nursing; Patient Acceptance of Health Care - ethnology; Phenomenology; practice-based knowledge; Professional-Family Relations; Qualitative Research; San Francisco; San Francisco; Far East; United States > US
• ISSN: 0309-2402; 1365-2648
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05671.x

park m., chesla c.a., rehm r.s. & chun k.m. (2011) Working with culture: culturally appropriate mental health care for Asian Americans. Journal of Advanced Nursing67(11), 2373–2382. Aim.  The aim of this study is to describe how mental healthcare providers adapted their practice to meet the unique needs of Asian Americans. Background.  As the number of ethnic minorities and multicultural patients and families rapidly increases, cultural competency becomes an essential skill for all healthcare providers. The lack of knowledge about how healthcare providers grapple with diverse cultures and cultural competency limits the ability of others to deliver patient‐centred care across cultural lines. Methods.  Interpretive phenomenology guided the design and conduct of this study. Twenty mental healthcare providers who treated Asian Americans were recruited. Narrative data were collected through face‐to‐face, in‐depth interviews between 2006 and 2007. Results/findings.  Three characteristics of culturally appropriate care for Asian Americans were identified. Cultural brokering: providers addressed issues stemming from cultural differences via bicultural skills education. Asian American patients generally received broader education than current literature recommended. Supporting families in transition: providers assisted Asian American families during transition from and to professional care. Using cultural knowledge to enhance competent care: providers’ knowledge of Asian culture and flexible attitudes affected the care that they provided. Culturally competent providers were able to identify cultural issues that were relevant to the specific situation, and incorporated cultural solutions into the care provided. Conclusion.  Culturally appropriate care is nuanced and context specific. Thus, more sophisticated and broader conceptualizations are necessary to prepare nurses for such complex practice.