Poultry Ownership and Genetic Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in the Gut of Preschool Children

Zoonotic transmission is likely a pathway for antibiotic resistance. Data from a randomized trial of pediatric antibiotic administration were secondarily evaluated to determine if poultry ownership was significantly associated with the presence of gut genetic antibiotic resistance determinants among...

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Published inThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene Vol. 104; no. 5; pp. 1768 - 1770
Main Authors Brogdon, Jessica M, Sié, Ali, Dah, Clarisse, Ouermi, Lucienne, Coulibaly, Boubacar, Lebas, Elodie, Zhong, Lina, Chen, Cindi, Lietman, Thomas M, Keenan, Jeremy D, Doan, Thuy, Oldenburg, Catherine E
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Institute of Tropical Medicine 22.03.2021
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Subjects
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Anti-Bacterial Agents - classification
Antibiotics
Burkina Faso
Child, Preschool
Drug resistance
Drug Resistance, Microbial - genetics
Family Characteristics
Feces - microbiology
Female
Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects
Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology
Humans
Infant
Male
Ownership
Poultry
Poultry - microbiology
Tetracycline - administration & dosage
Tetracycline Resistance
Burkina Faso
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Summary:Zoonotic transmission is likely a pathway for antibiotic resistance. Data from a randomized trial of pediatric antibiotic administration were secondarily evaluated to determine if poultry ownership was significantly associated with the presence of gut genetic antibiotic resistance determinants among 118 children in Burkina Faso. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants were classified using DNA sequencing. We measured the relationship between genetic resistance determinants and chicken ownership using a logistic regression model adjusted for confounding variables. Children in households reporting poultry ownership had four times the odds of tetracycline resistance determinants in the gut compared with those without household poultry (odds ratio [OR]: 4.08, 95% CI: 1.08-15.44, P = 0.04). There was no statistically significant difference found for other antibiotic classes. Understanding the origins of antibiotic resistance may help spur the development of interventions to combat the global AMR crisis.
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Disclosure: All authors submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest.
Financial support: This trial was supported by the National Eye Institute of the NIH under award K08EY026986 and by the Research to Prevent Blindness Career Development Award.
Authors’ addresses: Jessica M. Brogdon, Elodie Lebas, Lina Zhong, Cindi Chen, Thomas Lietman, Thuy Doan, and Catherine E. Oldenburg, Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, E-mails: jessica.brogdon@ucsf.edu, elodie.Lebas@ucsf.edu, lina.zhong@ucsf.edu, cindi.chen@ucsf.edu, tom.lietman@ucsf.edu, thuy.doan@ucsf.edu, and catherine.oldenburg@ucsf.edu. Ali Sié, Clarisse Dah, Lucienne Ouermi, and Boubacar Coulibaly, Centre de Recherche en Santé de Nouna, Nouna, Burkina Faso, E-mails: alisie@yahoo.fr, n.clarissedah@yahoo.fr, ouermil@yahoo.fr, and boubacar@fasonet.bf. Jeremy D. Keenan, F.I. Proctor Foundation and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, E-mail: jessica.brogdon@ucsf.edu.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.20-1384