Possibilities of Mechanochemical Synthesis of Apatites with Different Ca/P Ratios

Apatite is widely used in medicine as a biomaterial for bone tissue restoration. Properties of apatite depend on its composition, including the Ca/P ratio. This paper shows what range of Ca/P ratio can be attained in apatite by the mechanochemical method of synthesis, providing fast formation of a s...

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Published inCeramics Vol. 5; no. 3; pp. 404 - 422
Main Authors Chaikina, Marina V., Bulina, Natalia V., Vinokurova, Olga B., Gerasimov, Konstantin B., Prosanov, Igor Yu, Kompankov, Nikolay B., Lapina, Olga B., Papulovskiy, Evgeniy S., Ishchenko, Arcady V., Makarova, Svetlana V.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.09.2022
Subjects
Apatite
bioceramics
Biomedical materials
Calcium phosphates
calcium-deficient apatite
calcium-rich apatite
Clinical medicine
Composition
Energy
Experiments
High temperature
hydroxyapatite
Mixtures
NMR
NMR spectroscopy
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Phosphates
Production processes
Ratios
Spectrum analysis
tricalcium phosphate
Russia
Germany
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Summary:Apatite is widely used in medicine as a biomaterial for bone tissue restoration. Properties of apatite depend on its composition, including the Ca/P ratio. This paper shows what range of Ca/P ratio can be attained in apatite by the mechanochemical method of synthesis, providing fast formation of a single-phase product. The synthesis was carried out from a reaction mixture of CaHPO4 and CaO at different Ca/P ratios in the range of 1.17–2.10. The products were studied by PXRD, FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, HRTEM, and STA. In mixtures with a low initial Ca/P ratio (1.17–1.48), directly in the mill, the formation of calcium orthophosphate with whitlockite structure containing an HPO42− group and structural water is shown for the first time. This phosphate has structure similar to that of whitlockites of hydrothermal origin and differs from high-temperature β-tricalcium phosphate that has composition Ca3(PO4)3. A series of samples of apatite was obtained with varied composition, which depends on the initial Ca/P ratio. At Ca/P < 1.67, the formation of two types of calcium-deficient apatite was documented. At Ca/P > 1.67, the existence of two types of calcium-rich apatite is confirmed.
ISSN:2571-6131
2571-6131
DOI:10.3390/ceramics5030031