Assessing residents’ prescribing behavior in renal impairment

• Published in: International journal for quality in health care Vol. 15; no. 3; pp. 235 - 240
• Main Authors: SALOMON, L., LEVU, S., DERAY, G., LAUNAY-VACHER, V., BRÜCKER, G., RAVAUD, P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford University Press 01.06.2003; OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS; Oxford Publishing Limited (England)
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amlodipine - therapeutic use; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Diclofenac - therapeutic use; dosage adjustment; Drug Prescriptions; Drug Utilization; Enalapril - therapeutic use; Female; France; Gentamicins - therapeutic use; Humans; Internship and Residency - standards; Kidney Diseases - drug therapy; Male; Practice Patterns, Physicians; renal impairment; residents prescribing; Surveys and Questionnaires; vignettes; France
• ISSN: 1353-4505; 1464-3677
• DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzg034

Objective. Although fitting orders to renal function avoids overdosage and therefore iatrogenic risk, dosage adjustment is rarely made. The objective of this study was to assess residents’ prescribing behavior in renal impairment, through a standardized simulated clinical setting. Method. This criterion-referenced study was carried out in a French teaching hospital. The hospital had 118 residents; 71 of them were asked to complete a questionnaire including four vignettes, simulating drug prescription in four ‘patients’ with various degrees of renal impairment (16 orders). The patients had an order of gentamicin sulfate, diclofenac sodium, and amlodipine bensylate. For each drug, the resident could maintain the order, discontinue the order, or change the dosage. A fourth drug, enalapril maleate, was to be started, with three possible dosages and the possibility of not prescribing it. The reference chosen for assessment was the Vidal dictionary, which corresponds to the Physician’s Desk Reference and is the French reference for prescription. Results. All the residents approached for the survey accepted the offer to complete the questionnaire. Among the 16 simulated orders, the median number of appropriate orders per resident was nine. Considering the renal function of their patients, 62% of residents wrote an inappropriate order for gentamicin, 42% wrote an inappropriate order for diclofenac, and 52% wrote an inappropriate order for enalapril. Although no adjustment to renal function was required, 28% of the residents decreased the dosage of amlodipine and ordered an underdose. Conclusion. Considering the iatrogenic risk related to the lack of dosage adjustment, attention should be drawn to increasing residents’ awareness of dosage adjustment in renal impairment and to providing them with better information on patients’ renal function.