Triple-Networked Hybrid Hydrogels Reinforced with Montmorillonite Clay and Graphene Nanoplatelets for Soft and Hard Tissue Regeneration

Hydrogel is a three-dimensional (3D) soft and highly hydrophilic, polymeric network that can swell in water and imbibe a high amount of water or biological fluids. Hydrogels have been used widely in various biomedical applications. Hydrogel may provide a fluidic tissue-like 3D microenvironment by ma...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 22; p. 14158
Main Authors Kumar, Anuj, Won, So-Yeon, Sood, Ankur, Choi, So-Yeon, Singhmar, Ritu, Bhaskar, Rakesh, Kumar, Vineet, Zo, Sun Mi, Han, Sung-Soo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 16.11.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Bentonite
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Biopolymers
Clay
Graphene
Graphite
Hydrogels
Hydrogels - chemistry
Mechanical properties
Polymers
Polyvinyl Alcohol - chemistry
Reproducibility
Tissue engineering
Water - chemistry
montmorillonite
graphene nanoplatelets
triple network
tissue engineering
hydrogels
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Summary:Hydrogel is a three-dimensional (3D) soft and highly hydrophilic, polymeric network that can swell in water and imbibe a high amount of water or biological fluids. Hydrogels have been used widely in various biomedical applications. Hydrogel may provide a fluidic tissue-like 3D microenvironment by maintaining the original network for tissue engineering. However, their low mechanical performances limit their broad applicability in various functional tissues. This property causes substantial challenges in designing and preparing strong hydrogel networks. Therefore, we report the triple-networked hybrid hydrogel network with enhanced mechanical properties by incorporating dual-crosslinking and nanofillers (e.g., montmorillonite (MMT), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)). In this study, we prepared hybrid hydrogels composed of polyacrylamide, poly (vinyl alcohol), sodium alginate, MMT, and MMT/GNPs through dynamic crosslinking. The freeze-dried hybrid hydrogels showed good 3D porous architecture. The results exhibited a magnificent porous structure, interconnected pore-network surface morphology, enhanced mechanical properties, and cellular activity of hybrid hydrogels.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms232214158