How visual attention span and phonological skills contribute to N170 print tuning: An EEG study in French dyslexic students

• Published in: Brain and language Vol. 234; p. 105176
• Main Authors: Cheviet, Alexis, Bonnefond, Anne, Bertrand, Frédéric, Maumy-Bertrand, Myriam, Doignon-Camus, Nadège
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.11.2022; Elsevier
• Subjects: Cognitive science; Compensatory mechanisms; Developmental dyslexia; N170 print tuning; Neuroscience; Phonological mapping hypothesis; Visual attention span; Developmental dyslexia; N170 print tuning; Visual attention span; Phonological mapping hypothesis; Compensatory mechanisms
• ISSN: 0093-934X; 1090-2155; 1090-2155
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105176

[Display omitted] •Dyslexic group was behaviourally impaired both in VA span and phonological skills.•Dyslexic group showed an unexpected preservation of the N170 expertise for words.•This unexpected preservation could be due to compensatory mechanisms.•Phonological skills -but not VA span- modulate the N170 visual expertise.•These results are consistent with the phonological mapping hypothesis. Developmental dyslexia is a disorder characterized by a sustainable learning deficit in reading. Based on ERP-driven approaches focusing on the visual word form area, electrophysiological studies have pointed a lack of visual expertise for written word recognition in dyslexic readers by contrasting the left-lateralized N170 amplitudes elicited by alphabetic versus non-alphabetic stimuli. Here, we investigated in 22 dyslexic participants and 22 age-matched control subjects how two behavioural abilities potentially affected in dyslexic readers (phonological and visual attention skills) contributed to the N170 expertise during a word detection task. Consistent with literature, dyslexic participants exhibited poorer performance in these both abilities as compared to healthy subjects. At the brain level, we observed (1) an unexpected preservation of the N170 expertise in the dyslexic group suggesting a possible compensatory mechanism and (2) a modulation of this expertise only by phonological skills, providing evidence for the phonological mapping deficit hypothesis.