Epidemiology and patterns of hypertension in semi-urban communities, south-western Nigeria

• Published in: Cardiovascular Journal of Africa Vol. 27; no. 6; pp. 356 - 360
• Main Authors: Olamoyegun, M A, Oluyombo, R, Iwuala, S O, Asaolu, S O
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: South Africa Clinics Cardive Publishing 01.11.2016
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Topics; Cross-Sectional Studies; Epidemiology; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - classification; Hypertension - diagnosis; Hypertension - epidemiology; Hypertension - physiopathology; Male; Middle Aged; Nigeria - epidemiology; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Suburban Health; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1995-1892; 1680-0745
• DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2016-037

To determine the prevalence and subtypes of hypertension among semi-urban residents in south-western Nigeria. All adults aged 18 years or older in 10 semi-urban communities were recruited for the study. The blood pressure (BP) reading taken with a validated electronic BP monitor after at least 10 minutes of rest was used in the analysis. Hypertension was defined as BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg. Seven hundred and fifty subjects with a mean age of 61.7 ± 18.2 years participated in the study. The prevalence of hypertension was 55.5%. Stage 2 hypertension was the most common, present among 225 (54.1%) of the participants with hypertension, and 191 (45.9%) had stage 1 hypertension. Of those with hypertension, systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH) was present among 198/416 (47.6%), while isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) were present among 181/416 (43.6%) and 37/416 (8.9%), respectively. The prevalence of hypertension increased significantly with age. The prevalence of hypertension was high in these semi-urban communities. Hence, increased awareness and integrating hypertension care into primary healthcare and other community health services in these areas may prove beneficial in ameliorating its adverse effects.