Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Brazilians with arterial hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus

• Published in: The journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) Vol. 22; no. 9; pp. 1666 - 1673
• Main Authors: Comini, Luma de Oliveira, Oliveira, Laura Camargo, Borges, Luiza Delazari, Dias, Heloísa Helena, Batistelli, Clara Regina Santos, Ferreira, Emily de Souza, Silva, Luciana Saraiva, Moreira, Tiago Ricardo, Costa, Glauce Dias, Silva, Rodrigo Gomes, Cotta, Rosângela Minardi Mitre
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley and Sons Inc 01.09.2020
• Subjects: Albuminuria - epidemiology; albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio; arterial hypertension; Brazil - epidemiology; Chronic Kidney Disease; Creatinine; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Complications; diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; estimated glomerular filtration rate; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Hypertension - complications; Hypertension - epidemiology; Male; Original Paper; Prevalence; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - epidemiology; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - etiology; Risk Factors; Brazil; arterial hypertension; albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio; chronic kidney disease; diabetes mellitus; estimated glomerular filtration rate
• ISSN: 1524-6175; 1751-7176; 1751-7176
• DOI: 10.1111/jch.13980

The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in individuals with arterial hypertension (AH) and/or diabetes mellitus (DM) accompanied by Primary Health Care (PHC) in Brazil. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine, and urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (ACR) were measured in 841 subjects with AH and/or DM, followed by PHC in the city of Viçosa. The CKD was diagnosed according to KDIGO criteria. Sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric factors related to the prevalence of CKD were investigated through multiple logistic regression. The prevalence of hidden CKD was 15.4%. Of these, 7.5% were identified by albuminuria (ACR ≥30 mg/g) with slightly decreased eGFR. Age, baseline disease, waist circumference (WC), and systolic blood pressure remained associated with CKD after multivariate analysis. The two major risk factors for hidden CKD were the presence of AH in association with DM and an increase in age. Hidden CKD was more common within people with AH and DM, and with high WC, glycosylated hemoglobin, and serum phosphorus as well as male gender and decreased serum albumin. This knowledge of risk associations can help avoid progression to CKD.