cDNA gene expression profile of rat hippocampus after chronic treatment with antidepressant drugs

• Published in: Journal of Neural Transmission Vol. 110; no. 12; pp. 1413 - 1436
• Main Authors: DRIGUES, N, POLTYREV, T, BEJAR, C, WEINSTOCK, M, YOUDIM, M. B. H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wien Springer 01.12.2003; New York, NY Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Activating Transcription Factor 1; Amitriptyline - pharmacology; Animals; Antidepressive Agents - pharmacology; Behavior, Animal - drug effects; Biological and medical sciences; Clorgyline - pharmacology; Cyclic AMP - metabolism; DNA Primers; DNA, Complementary - analysis; DNA-Binding Proteins; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hippocampus - drug effects; Male; Medical sciences; Moclobemide - pharmacology; Neuropharmacology; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease); Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopharmacology; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Signal Transduction - physiology; Transcription Factors - metabolism; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs; Mood disorder; Rat; Rodentia; Central nervous system; antidepressant; Depression; Gene expression; Encephalon; Depressive disorder; Vertebrata; Chronic; Mammalia; Complementary DNA; Animal; oligonucleotide array sequence analysis; Antidepressant agent; gene expression profiling; Hippocampus
• ISSN: 0300-9564; 1435-1463
• DOI: 10.1007/s00702-003-0077-8

Chronic antidepressant treatment causes alterations in several hippocampal genes, which participate in neuronal plasticity. However the full picture of their mechanism of action is not known. The advent of genomics enables to identify a broader mechanism of action and identify novel targets for antidepressant development. The present study examined the cDNA microarray gene expression profile in the hippocampus induced by chronic antidepressant treatment, in rats exposed to the forced swim test. Animals were treated for 2 weeks with moclobemide, clorgyline and amitriptyline. The three antidepressants significantly reduced immobility in the forced swim test and initiated significant homologous changes in gene expressions. These include up regulation of cAMP response element binding protein and down regulation of corticotrophin releasing hormone. Other gene changes noted were those related to neuropeptides, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, including synaptophysin and neogenin. Some 89 genes were changed by at least 2 drugs, out of which 53 were changed oppositely by forced swim test. Confirmation of gene changes, have come from real time RT-PCR. A significant number and homology in gene expression were observed with the three antidepressants. Many of the genes were associated with neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, including synaptophysin and neogenin.