Small RNAs and Karma methylation in Elaeis guineensis mother palms are linked to high clonal mantling
The mantled phenotype is an abnormal somaclonal variant arising from the oil palm cloning process and severe phenotypes lead to oil yield losses. Hypomethylation of the Karma retrotransposon within the B-type MADS-box EgDEF1 gene has been associated with this phenotype. While abnormal Karma-EgDEF1 h...
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Published in | Plant molecular biology Vol. 111; no. 4-5; pp. 345 - 363 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Dordrecht
Springer Netherlands
01.03.2023
Springer Springer Nature B.V |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The mantled phenotype is an abnormal somaclonal variant arising from the oil palm cloning process and severe phenotypes lead to oil yield losses. Hypomethylation of the
Karma
retrotransposon within the B-type MADS-box
EgDEF1
gene has been associated with this phenotype. While abnormal
Karma-EgDEF1
hypomethylation was detected in mantled clones, we examined the methylation state of
Karma
in ortets that gave rise to high mantling rates in their clones. Small RNAs (sRNAs) were proposed to play a role in
Karma
hypomethylation as part of the RNA-directed DNA methylation process, hence differential expression analysis of sRNAs between the ortet groups was conducted. While no sRNA was differentially expressed at the
Karma-EgDEF1
region, three sRNA clusters were differentially regulated in high-mantling ortets. The first two down-regulated clusters were possibly derived from long non-coding RNAs while the third up-regulated cluster was derived from the intron of a
DnaJ
chaperone gene. Several predicted mRNA targets for the first two sRNA clusters conversely displayed increased expression in high-mantling relative to low-mantling ortets. These predicted mRNA targets may be associated with defense or pathogenesis response. In addition, several differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified in
Karma
and its surrounding regions, mainly comprising subtle CHH hypomethylation in high-mantling ortets. Four of the 12 DMRs were located in a region corresponding to hypomethylated areas at the 3′end of
Karma
previously reported in mantled clones. Further investigations on these sRNAs and DMRs may indicate the predisposition of certain ortets towards mantled somaclonal variation.
Key message
Small RNA clusters derived from lncRNAs were differentially expressed in high mantling ortets, and hypomethylation of the 3′-end of
Karma-EgDEF1
corresponded to previously identified hypomethylated regions in mantled clones. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0167-4412 1573-5028 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11103-022-01330-4 |