Onchocerca volvulus DNA Probe Classification Correlates with Epidemiologic Patterns of Blindness

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 165; no. 5; pp. 964 - 968
• Main Authors: Zimmerman, P. A., Dadzie, K. Y., De Sole, G., Remme, J., Soumbey Alley, E., Unnasch, T. R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.05.1992; University of Chicago Press
• Subjects: Africa, Western - epidemiology; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Blindness; Concise Communications; Diseases caused by nematodes; DNA - analysis; DNA Probes; Epidemiology; Eye diseases; Filariases; Helminthic diseases; Humans; Infections; Infectious diseases; Intestinal volvulus; Medical sciences; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Onchocerca - classification; Onchocerca - genetics; Onchocerca volvulus; Onchocerciasis; Onchocerciasis, Ocular - epidemiology; Onchocerciasis, Ocular - parasitology; Onchocercosis; Parasites; Parasitic diseases; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rain forests; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; Sensitivity and Specificity; West Africa; Africa; Africa, Western; Africa, West; Human; Vision disorder; Onchocerca volvulus; Helminthiasis; Epidemiology; Onchocerciasis; Infection; Pathogenicity; Eye disease; Nematod disease; DNA; Blindness; Helmintha; Virulent strain; Nemathelminthia; Molecular probe; Filariosis; Invertebrata; Molecular biology; Nematoda
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/165.5.964

Onchocerciasis, or river blindness, results from infection with Onchocerca volvulus. The parasite is endemic to West Africa, in both rain forest and savanna bioclimes. Several lines of evidence suggest that different strains of the parasite exist in the rain forest and savanna. Furthermore, epidemiologic evidence indicates that ocular onchocerciasis is most severe in savanna regions. This has led to the hypothesis that there is a strain association with ocular pathology. To test this hypothesis, parasites from villages in which severe and mild onchocerciasis were endemic were classified with two strain-specific DNA probes. A strong correlation (P < .001) was found between disease severity and probe recognition, supporting the hypothesis that pathogenicity is strain related. The results suggest that pFS-l and pSS-lBT may be used to predict the pathogenic potential of parasite populations throughout much of West Africa.