Prevalence and risk determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in west African female prostitutes

• Published in: American journal of epidemiology Vol. 136; no. 7; p. 895
• Main Authors: Kanki, P, M'Boup, S, Marlink, R, Travers, K, Hsieh, C C, Gueye, A, Boye, C, Sankalé, J L, Donnelly, C, Leisenring, W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.10.1992
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Female; HIV Seroprevalence; HIV-1 - immunology; HIV-2 - immunology; Humans; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Odds Ratio; Regression Analysis; Risk Factors; Senegal - epidemiology; Sex Work; Surveys and Questionnaires; Measurement; Prevalence; Condom; Viral Diseases; Biology; Hiv Infections > women; Hiv Serodiagnosis > women; Research Methodology; Ethnic Groups; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Population Characteristics; Contraceptive Methods; Population; Research Report; Behavior; Demographic Factors; Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses; Cultural Background; Risk Factors; Africa; Contraception; Barrier Methods; French Speaking Africa; Family Planning; Examinations And Diagnoses; Diseases; Western Africa; Senegal; Developing Countries; Africa South Of The Sahara; Sex Behavior; Prostitutes
• ISSN: 0002-9262
• DOI: 10.1093/aje/136.7.895

The authors studied the prevalence and risk determinants for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 (HIV-2) in female prostitutes from Dakar (1985-1990), Ziguinchor (1987-1990), and Kaolack (1987-1990), Senegal, West Africa. Each cohort showed a distinct distribution of HIVs: 10.0% HIV-2 and 4.1% HIV-1 in Dakar, 38.1% HIV-2 and 0.4% HIV-1 in Ziguinchor, and 27.4% HIV-2 and 1.3% HIV-1 in Kaolack. In 1,275 female prostitutes from Dakar, increase years of sexual activity and a history of scarification were associated with HIV-2 seropositivity. In contrast, HIV-1 seroprevalence was associated with a shorter duration of prostitution and a history of hospitalization. In 278 female prostitutes from Ziguinchor, HIV-2 seroprevalence was associated with women of Guinea-Bissau nationality and increased years of sexual activity. In 157 female prostitutes from Kaolack, HIV-2 seroprevalence was associated with increased years of sexual activity and a history of never using condoms. The authors also studied the risk determinants for HIV-2 in the 1,280 Senegalese prostitutes pooled from all three sites. Controlling for ethnic group, women from Ziguinchor and Kaolack were more likely to be HIV-2 seropositive as compared with women from the Dakar site. Increased years of sexual activity were associated with HIV-2 seropositivity, while a history of excision and BCG vaccinations decreased the risk of HIV-2 infection.