Cardiovascular effects of long-term caffeine administration in aged rats

• Published in: Irish journal of medical science Vol. 184; no. 2; pp. 265 - 272
• Main Authors: El Agaty, S. M. T., Seif, A. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Springer London 01.06.2015
• Subjects: Age Factors; Animals; Arterial Pressure - drug effects; Caffeine - pharmacology; Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology; Central Nervous System Stimulants - pharmacology; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Electrocardiography; Family Medicine; General Practice; Heart Rate - drug effects; In Vitro Techniques; Internal Medicine; Isoproterenol - pharmacology; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Myocardial Contraction - drug effects; Nitrates - blood; Original Article; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Blood pressure; Isolated heart; Cholesterol; Caffeine
• ISSN: 0021-1265; 1863-4362
• DOI: 10.1007/s11845-014-1098-z

Aim To evaluate the possible beneficial effect of long-term caffeine administration on cardiovascular system in aged rats. Methods This study was carried out on 20 senile male albino rats, aged 18–20 months. Rats were divided into caffeine-treated group, which received 25 mg/kg caffeine by gavage daily for 6 weeks, and control group. All rats were subjected to the following in vivo measurements: body weight, arterial blood pressure, heart rate and ECG recording. In vitro measurements included studying isolated hearts in a Langendorff apparatus for their intrinsic properties as well as plasma levels of lipids, malondialdehyde and nitrate. Results Caffeine administration to aged rats significantly enhanced the baseline and maximum values achieved in response to isoproterenol infusion in isolated heart preparation for both maximum rate of tension development (d T /d t max ) and time to peak tension (TPT). The responses of hearts isolated from caffeine group to the three doses of isoproterenol infusion also showed a significantly higher d T /d t max with shorter TPT and half relaxation time (1/2 RT) compared to controls. Plasma nitrate was significantly increased and ECG recording was nonsignificantly affected in caffeine group. The plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol as well as in vivo heart rate and systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures were all significantly increased associated with a significant decrease in HDL cholesterol in caffeine group. Conclusion Long-term caffeine administration in aged rats increased cardiac inotropy, lusitropy and preserved NO level, which points to a promising potential favorable effect on cardiac intrinsic properties.