Adenovirus Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients: Clinical Features and Molecular Epidemiology

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 172; no. 3; pp. 629 - 637
• Main Authors: Khoo, S. H., Bailey, A. S., de Jong, J. C., Mandai, B. K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.09.1995; University of Chicago Press
• Subjects: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - physiopathology; Actuarial Analysis; Adenoviridae infections; adenovirus; Adenovirus Infections, Human - epidemiology; Adenoviruses; Adenoviruses, Human - classification; Adenoviruses, Human - genetics; Adenoviruses, Human - isolation & purification; Adult; AIDS; AIDS related complex; AIDS-Related Complex - physiopathology; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - epidemiology; AIDS/HIV; Biological and medical sciences; Case-Control Studies; Diarrhea; Feces; Female; HIV; HIV Seronegativity; HIV Seropositivity - complications; human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Immunodeficiencies; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunopathology; Infections; Longitudinal Studies; Major Articles; Male; Medical sciences; Pathogens; Restriction Mapping; Risk Factors; Serotyping; Urine; Human; Immunopathology; Adenoviridae; Urinary system disease; Typing; AIDS; Immune deficiency; Epidemiology; Infection; Virus; Symptomatology; Viral disease; Human adenovirus; Digestive diseases; Mastadenovirus; Serotype
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/172.3.629

Prospective surveillance of 63 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients and 9 HIV-negative partners over 5–27 months yielded 51 adenoviruses from 18 HIV-positive patients. These were serotyped and compared by restriction enzyme analysis (REA) together with 24 isolates from 19 other HIV-positive patients. The actuarial risk of infection at 1 year in HIV-positive patients was 28% (17% with entry CD4 cell count of >200/mm3 and 38% with CD4 cell count of ⩽200/ mm3, P = .03). The most frequent site of infection was gastrointestinal (17/18 patients) with mainly subgenus D adenoviruses, while urinary infection was caused by subgenus B or D. Prolonged fecal excretion (2–27 months) was associated with CD4 cell counts <150/mm3. Identical strains were seen in 2 HIV-positive partners and 2 unrelated patients. Gastrointestinal infection was temporally associated with diarrhea in only 7 (41%) of 17 cases. The remainder (59%) were asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic, and diarrhea was often caused by other opportunistic pathogens.