High‐dose cyclophosphamide and high‐dose 5‐fluorouracil: A new first‐line regimen for advanced breast cancer

• Published in: Cancer Vol. 53; no. 8; pp. 1655 - 1659
• Main Authors: Israel, Lucien, Breau, Jean‐Luc, Aguilera, Jacques
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 15.04.1984; Wiley-Liss
• Subjects: Antineoplastic agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - adverse effects; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use; Biological and medical sciences; Bone Neoplasms - drug therapy; Bone Neoplasms - secondary; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy; Breast Neoplasms - pathology; Chemotherapy; Cyclophosphamide - administration & dosage; Drug Evaluation; Female; Fluorouracil - administration & dosage; Hematologic Diseases - chemically induced; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy; Lung Neoplasms - secondary; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Nausea - chemically induced; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Pleural Neoplasms - drug therapy; Pleural Neoplasms - secondary; Antineoplastic agent; Human; Mammary gland diseases; Polychemotherapy; Tumor; Mammary gland; Metastasis; Malignant tumor; High dose
• ISSN: 0008-543X; 1097-0142
• DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19840415)53:8<1655::AID-CNCR2820530806>3.0.CO;2-Q

Thirty consecutive patients with metastatic breast cancer previously untreated by chemotherapy were given high‐dose cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) and high‐dose 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) as first‐line therapy. Cyclophosphamide, 1200 mg/m2 was administered intravenously (IV) on day I and 5‐FU, 600 mg/m2 IV on days 1 through 5. Cycles were repeated every 21 days or on hematologic recovery. Twenty‐eight of the 30 patients achieved a remission (16 partial, and 12 complete). i.e., a response rate of 93%, and a complete response rate of 40%. The actuarial survival rate at 43 months was 52% for the population as a whole, and 68% for patients who achieved a complete response. Hematologic toxicity was relatively severe and the initial doses had to be reduced by 20% in all patients between the second and fifth courses. No deaths due to either infection or bleeding were seen due largely to intensive supportive care. It is concluded that increasing the doses of a small number of drugs of proven efficacy may be more useful than increasing the number of drugs given in lower doses. Furthermore, this approach spares other effective drugs for second‐line therapy.